Influence of infill properties on flexural rigidity of 3D-printed structural members

Porter, Jeff; Cain, Thomas M. N.; Fox, S. L.; Harvey, P. Scott

doi:10.1080/17452759.2018.1537064

Cited by 51 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In a previous study, we investigated the influence of the infill pattern and degree on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed cubes under a quasi-static load [ 23 , 24 ] and found the so-called gyroid infill to show promising recovery properties. The impact of the infill properties on the flexural and tensile properties of 3D-printed samples was evaluated in diverse previous studies, showing the importance of choosing them carefully to gain a desired response to mechanical deformation [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure Orientation-Dependent Recovery of 3D-Printed PLA Objects with Varying Infill Degree

Ehrmann¹,

Ehrmann

2021

Polymers

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Poly(lactic acid) is not only one of the most often used materials for 3D printing via fused deposition modeling (FDM), but also a shape-memory polymer. This means that objects printed from PLA can, to a certain extent, be deformed and regenerate their original shape automatically when they are heated to a moderate temperature of about 60–100 °C. It is important to note that pure PLA cannot restore broken bonds, so that it is necessary to find structures which can take up large forces by deformation without full breaks. Here we report on the continuation of previous tests on 3D-printed cubes with different infill patterns and degrees, now investigating the influence of the orientation of the applied pressure on the recovery properties. We find that for the applied gyroid pattern, indentation on the front parallel to the layers gives the worst recovery due to nearly full layer separation, while indentation on the front perpendicular to the layers or diagonal gives significantly better results. Pressing from the top, either diagonal or parallel to an edge, interestingly leads to a different residual strain than pressing from front, with indentation on top always firstly leading to an expansion towards the indenter after the first few quasi-static load tests. To quantitatively evaluate these results, new measures are suggested which could be adopted by other groups working on shape-memory polymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure Orientation-Dependent Recovery of 3D-Printed PLA Objects with Varying Infill Degree

Ehrmann¹,

Ehrmann

2021

Polymers

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“…Post-processes methods and variation of different printing parameters can enhance mechanical properties and surface finish of the part made by FDM. Porter et al have investigated the optimal infill percentage of the beams from PLA that can maximised specific flexural rigidity, and obtained an infill percentage in the range of 10% to 20% [ 11 ].The post chemical treatment using acetone (99%) and dichloroethane (98%) solutions dramatically improves the surface finish and dimensional accuracy, and reduce the tensile strength of FDM specimens made of ABS [ 12 ]. Several researchers have analysed the effect of different annealing times and temperatures on thermoplastic materials which was 3D printed by FDM/FFF techniques [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Method for the Manufacture of Complex CFRP Parts Using FDM-based Molds

2020

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Fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) have attracted much interest within many industrial fields where the use of 3D printed molds can provide significant cost and time savings in the production of composite tooling. Within this paper, a novel method for the manufacture of complex-shaped FRP parts has been proposed. This paper features a new design of bike saddle, which was manufactured through the use of molds created by fused deposition modeling (FDM), of which two 3D printable materials were selected, polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and these molds were then chemically and thermally treated. The novel bike saddles were fabricated using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), by vacuum bag technology and oven curing, utilizing additive manufactured (AM) molds. Following manufacture the molded parts were subjected to a quality inspection, using non-contact three-dimensional (3D) scanning techniques, where the results were then statistically analyzed. The statistically analyzed results state that the main deviations between the CAD model and the manufactured CFRP parts were within the range of ±1 mm. Additionally, the weight of the upper part of the saddles was found to be 42 grams. The novel method is primarily intended to be used for customized products using CFRPs.

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“…The mechanical properties of parts produced from FDM have been improved by either introducing reinforced materials into the base filament or by optimizing the printing process parameters. Besides reinforcements, mechanical properties have also been improved with optimized slicing parameters, infill density, and application of appropriate support materials [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Moreover, the mechanical properties of FDM produced parts have also been improved by simultaneously using reinforced filament materials and optimizing the printing process parameters as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Effects of Process Parameters and Optimization of Interlaminate Bond Strength in 3D Printed ABS/CF-PLA Composite

et al. 2020

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The scope of additive manufacturing, particularly fused deposition modelling (FDM), can indeed be explored with the fabrication of multi-material composite laminates using this technology. Laminar composite structures made up of two distinct materials, namely acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid (CF-PLA), were produced using the FDM process. The current study analyzes the effect of various printing parameters on the interfacial bond strength (IFBS) of the ABS/CF-PLA laminar composite by employing response surface methodology. The physical examination of the tested specimens revealed two failure modes, where failure mode 1 possessed high IFBS owing to the phenomenon of material patch transfer. Contrarily, failure mode 2 yielded low IFBS, while no patch transfer was observed. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that printing parameters were highly interactive in nature. After extensive experimentation, it was revealed that good quality of IFBS is attributed to the medium range of printing speed, high infill density, and low layer height. At the same time, a maximum IFBS of 20.5 MPa was achieved. The study presented an empirical relation between printing parameters and IFBS that can help in forecasting IFBS at any given printing parameters. Finally, the optimized printing conditions were also determined with the aim to maximize IFBS.

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Influence of infill properties on flexural rigidity of 3D-printed structural members

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

Pressure Orientation-Dependent Recovery of 3D-Printed PLA Objects with Varying Infill Degree

Pressure Orientation-Dependent Recovery of 3D-Printed PLA Objects with Varying Infill Degree

Novel Method for the Manufacture of Complex CFRP Parts Using FDM-based Molds

On the Effects of Process Parameters and Optimization of Interlaminate Bond Strength in 3D Printed ABS/CF-PLA Composite

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