Influence of incorporation or dual cropping of Azolla on methane emission from a flooded alluvial soil planted to rice in eastern India

Kollah, Bharati; Mohanty, SK; Singh, D. P.; Rao, V.R.; Adhya, T. K.

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(99)00148-6

Cited by 68 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Azolla cover decreased the seasonal CH 4 emission by 34.7% compared to the control treatment without azolla cover (Table 2). This result was consistent with previous recent studies (Bharati et al 2000;Ma et al 2012;Ali et al 2015;Liu et al 2017).The cumulated CH 4 emission from control treatment pot at 55.4 g C m −2 was similar to the value gathered in a field experiments in Yamagata (Itoh et al 2011). Not only azolla, but also common duckweed (Lemna minor), the other floating macrophyte, significantly reduced the mean CH 4 emission from flooded rice paddies in China by 20.4% (Wang et al 2015).…”

Section: Effect Of Azolla Cover On Ch 4 Emissionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…5) between control and azolla cover treatments, implying that azolla cover did not affect the CH 4 production in the submerged dual cropping azolla-rice soil ecosystem. This confirmed that the decreased CH 4 emission by azolla cover was due to stimulated CH 4 oxidation (Bharati et al 2000;Ali et al 2015;Liu et al 2017). The sources of CH 4 production are from both older matter (e.g., native soil organic matter, incorporated organic material such as straw and manure , and new matter from plant growth (e.g., root exudates and plant debris).…”

Section: Effect Of Azolla Cover On Ch 4 Emissionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Previous studies have shown that azolla application in the paddies could increase (Chen et al 1997;Ying et al 2000) or decrease (Bharati et al 2000;Ali et al 2015;Singh and Strong 2016) CH 4 emissions from rice soils. The discrepancy between these studies may be partly due to different experimental conditions, including different rice cultivars and soil types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Azolla cover significantly decreased CH₄but not N₂O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere

Kimani

Cheng

Kanno

et al. 2017

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Azolla (Azolla filiculoides) is a common aquatic fern that has been used successfully as a dual crop with lowland rice. It grows rapidly and has the ability to fix N 2 for rice paddy. However, its ecological significance especially on greenhouse gases emissions remains unclear. To investigate the effect of azolla cover on methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from rice paddy, a pot experiment with two treatments, control (rice plant only) and azolla cover (rice plus azolla covering on the flooding water), was carried out in Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan, in 2016. The results showed that the rice growth parameters, like shoot height, maximum and productive tiller numbers, and plant biomass were not significantly different between the two treatments. Dual cropping of azolla with rice significantly suppressed CH 4 emissions, likely due to an increase in dissolved oxygen concentration and redox potential at the soil-water interface between flooding water and soil surface. There were significant (P < 0.05) positive correlations between CH 4 flux and night respiration (CO 2 emissions) between the two treatments. The cumulated CH 4 emissions during the growth period until 106 days after transplanting (DAT) was significantly lower at 36.2 g C m −2 from azolla cover treatment than that from control treatment pot at 55.4 g C m −2 . A prolonged nonsignificant N 2 O emission under the azolla cover treatment after the initial highest peak at 15 DAT was recorded due to denitrification of the nitrate in initial soil. No further N 2 O emissions were recorded thereafter from both treatments. Azolla cover did not affect N 2 O emissions from both treatments. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Effect Of Azolla Cover On Ch 4 Emissionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Effect Of Azolla Cover On Ch 4 Emissionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Azolla cover significantly decreased CH₄but not N₂O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere

Kimani

Cheng

Kanno

et al. 2017

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…Additionally, Azolla can retard NH 3 volatilization by lowering the floodwater pH when urea is applied and serves as a temporary nitrogen reserve material9. Previously, it was reported that Azolla simultaneously cultured with rice could significantly lower CH 4 emissions in studies conducted in eastern India10 and southern China11, but opposite results were reported in the studies conducted in northeastern China612. These studies demonstrated that the effects of Azolla on methane emissions may vary among different environments, and more information regarding the environmental response to Azolla cultivation is required.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Conversely, low levels of dissolved O 2 contribute to increased methane emissions18. The variation in dissolved O 2 in floodwater under the presence of Azolla is also controversial: it increased in some studies1011 and decreased in others612. Nevertheless, these previous studies only focused on the environmental variables affected by dual cropping of Azolla , but the methanogenic archaea and methanotrophic bacteria in paddy soils influenced by cultivating Azolla have not yet been investigated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Methane Emissions and Microbial Communities as Influenced by Dual Cropping of Azolla along with Early Rice

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Azolla caroliniana Willd. is widely used as a green manure accompanying rice, but its ecological importance remains unclear, except for its ability to fix nitrogen in association with cyanobacteria. To investigate the impacts of Azolla cultivation on methane emissions and environmental variables in paddy fields, we performed this study on the plain of Dongting Lake, China, in 2014. The results showed that the dual cropping of Azolla significantly suppressed the methane emissions from paddies, likely due to the increase in redox potential in the root region and dissolved oxygen concentration at the soil-water interface. Furthermore, the floodwater pH decreased in association with Azolla cultivation, which is also a factor significantly correlated with the decrease in methane emissions. An increase in methanotrophic bacteria population (pmoA gene copies) and a reduction in methanogenic archaea (16S rRNA gene copies) were observed in association with Azolla growth. During rice cultivation period, dual cropping of Azolla also intensified increasing trend of 1/Simpson of methanogens and significantly decreased species richness (Chao 1) and species diversity (1/Simpson, 1/D) of methanotrophs. These results clearly demonstrate the suppression of CH4 emissions by culturing Azolla and show the environmental and microbial responses in paddy soil under Azolla cultivation.

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Methane emissions from global rice fields: Magnitude, spatiotemporal patterns, and environmental controls

Zhang

Tian

Ren

et al. 2016

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

107

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Given the importance of the potential positive feedback between methane (CH4) emissions and climate change, it is critical to accurately estimate the magnitude and spatiotemporal patterns of CH4 emissions from global rice fields and better understand the underlying determinants governing the emissions. Here we used a coupled biogeochemical model in combination with satellite‐derived contemporary inundation area to quantify the magnitude and spatiotemporal variation of CH4 emissions from global rice fields and attribute the environmental controls of CH4 emissions during 1901–2010. Our study estimated that CH4 emissions from global rice fields varied from 18.3 ± 0.1 Tg CH4/yr (Avg. ±1 SD) under intermittent irrigation to 38.8 ± 1.0 Tg CH4/yr under continuous flooding in the 2000s, indicating that the magnitude of CH4 emissions from global rice fields is largely dependent on different water schemes. Over the past 110 years, our simulated results showed that global CH4 emissions from rice cultivation increased by 85%. The expansion of rice fields was the dominant factor for the increasing trends of CH4 emissions, followed by elevated CO2 concentration, and nitrogen fertilizer use. On the contrary, climate variability had reduced the cumulative CH4 emissions for most of the years over the study period. Our results imply that CH4 emissions from global rice fields could be reduced through optimizing irrigation practices. Therefore, the future magnitude of CH4 emissions from rice fields will be determined by the human demand for rice production as well as the implementation of optimized water management practices.

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Influence of incorporation or dual cropping of Azolla on methane emission from a flooded alluvial soil planted to rice in eastern India

Cited by 68 publications

References 27 publications

Azolla cover significantly decreased CH₄but not N₂O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere

Azolla cover significantly decreased CH₄but not N₂O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere

Methane Emissions and Microbial Communities as Influenced by Dual Cropping of Azolla along with Early Rice

Methane emissions from global rice fields: Magnitude, spatiotemporal patterns, and environmental controls

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Influence of incorporation or dual cropping of Azolla on methane emission from a flooded alluvial soil planted to rice in eastern India

Cited by 68 publications

References 27 publications

Azolla cover significantly decreased CH4but not N2O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere

Azolla cover significantly decreased CH4but not N2O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere

Methane Emissions and Microbial Communities as Influenced by Dual Cropping of Azolla along with Early Rice

Methane emissions from global rice fields: Magnitude, spatiotemporal patterns, and environmental controls

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Azolla cover significantly decreased CH₄but not N₂O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere

Azolla cover significantly decreased CH₄but not N₂O emissions from flooding rice paddy to atmosphere