Influence of Hypoxia, High Glucose, and Low Serum on the Growth Kinetics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Deciduous and Permanent Teeth

Abstract

The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells depends on their ability to survive and proliferate under adverse in vivo scenarios in a particular disease. In most of the sites of injury, especially in diabetic wounds, there can be hypoxia, hyperglycemia, and ischemia, leading to a lack of nutrients. Hence, the aim of our present study was to investigate the influence of hypoxia, high glucose, and low serum concentrations on the growth kinetics and proliferative potential of human dental pulp stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and permanent teeth (DPSC). In this study we isolated two types of specialized stem cells from human dental pulp tissues, which were supposedly of neural crest origin, and cultured them in KO-DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Both SHED and DPSC were characterized for standard CD surface markers, and their ability to differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages was tested. SHED and DPSC were exposed to either hypoxia or high glucose or low serum conditions, and their growth kinetics and differentiation potentials were compared with those of normal culture conditions. We found that SHED retained their phenotypic expression and differentiation potential under hypoxia, high-glucose, and low-serum conditions and exhibited a higher proliferation in terms of cell yield and a reduced doubling time compared to DPSC. Our findings clearly demonstrate for the first time that SHED are superior to DPSC as evidenced by their enhanced proliferation under adverse culture conditions.

Human dental stem cells suppress PMN activity after infection with the periodontopathogens Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia

“…The consequences of anoxic stress towards the dental stem cells (hDFSCs) were analyzed. As previously shown by Kanafi and colleagues migration and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells (SHEDs and DPSCs) were increased under hypoxic conditions of 2.3% O 2 und 5% CO 2 compared to normoxic conditions33. Even 3% of oxygen stimulated migration of mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells133435.…”

In vivo hepatogenic capacity and therapeutic potential of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth in liver fibrosis in mice

“…SHED also modulate immune responses of interleukin-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and dendritic cells [ 16 , 17 ]. Recent studies have evaluated the latent potential of SHED in tissue engineering for bone regeneration [ 18 , 19 ] and cell-based therapy for a variety of refractory systemic diseases, including systemic lupus erythematous, spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes [ 16 , 20 – 22 ]. Furthermore, cryopreservation of dental pulp tissues from human deciduous teeth has succeeded [ 23 ].…”

Suppression of MicroRNA‐203 improves survival of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through enhancing PI3K‐induced cellular activation

“…In most cases of tissue injury, there can be hypoxia and ischemia, leading to a lack of nutrients. Therefore, it is important for BM‐MSCs to endure and survive in low‐nutrition microenvironment . Our study indicated that in low‐serum cultural medium, BM‐MSCs exhibited obviously arrested activity and high apoptosis rate.…”