Influence of hypo- or hyperthyroidism on ovarian function in Brahman cows.

Moraes, Gentil Vanini de; Ávila, Héctor Raymundo Vera; Lewis, Andy; Koch, Juliette; Neuendorff, D. A.; Hallford, D. M.; Reeves, Jerry J.; Randel, R. D.

doi:10.2527/1998.763871x

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…T 3 levels were reported to decrease in growing Carora heifers at 12 months of age, which could be critical for the simultaneous increase in LH secretion at 5 week before puberty (Leyva-Ocariz et al, 1997). Induced hyper-or hypothyroid status did not influence ovarian function in adult Brahman cows (De'Moraes et al, 1998). In multiparous, non-lactating superovulated Brahman cows the 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil induced hypothyroidism improved the weight gain and body condition score, and increased the ovarian response to FSH (resulting in greater ovarian weights and higher number of large, ≥ 8 mm follicles).…”

Section: Yroid Hormonal Regulation Of Ovarian Endocrine Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants

Huszenicza¹,

Kulcsár²,

Rudas³

2002

Vet. Med.

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After briefly introducing the basec steps in production and metabolism of thyroid hormones, the author gives an overview of nutritional, metabolic and disease related factors and endocrine interactions influencing thyroid gland function in ruminants, particularly in the postpartum dairy cow. Involvement of thyroid hormonal regulation of seasonal patterns of reproduction as well as ovarian endocrine function are discussed.Keywords: thyroxin; triiodothyronine; ovary; metabolism; ruminants Abbreviations: 5'D = 5'-deiodinase (syn.: outer-ring deiodinase); 5D = 5-deiodinase (syn.: inner-ring deiodinase); BHB = βOH-butyrate; E 2 = 17β-estradiol; FSH = follicle stimulating hormone; GH = growth hormone; GnRH = gonadotropin releasing hormone; hCG = human chorionic gonadotropin; IGF-I = insulin-like growth factor-I (syn.: somatomedin C); IL = interleukin; LH = luteinizing hormone; mRNA = messenger ribonucleic acid; NEB = negative energy balance; NEFA = non-esterified fatty acids; P 4 = progesterone; PVN = paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; rT 3 = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (syn.: reverse-triiodothyronine); T 3 = 3,3',5-triiodothyronine; T 4 = thyroxine; TNFα = tumor necrosis factor-α; TRH = thyrotropin-releasing hormone; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone (syn.: thyrotropin)

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Section: Yroid Hormonal Regulation Of Ovarian Endocrine Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants

Huszenicza¹,

Kulcsár²,

Rudas³

2002

Vet. Med.

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“…Studies have shown both indirect (De Moraes et al, 1998;Flores et al, 2008) and direct (Spicer et al, 2001) effects of thyroid hormones on ovarian activity in cattle. De Moraes et al (1998) showed that induced hyperthyroidism in Brahman cows resulted in an increase in serum T 3 and was associated with a reduced BCS. The incidence of anestrus in induced hyperthyroidic cows was further observed by De Moraes et al (1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T 4 is converted to metabolically active T 3 in the thyroid gland and other tissues by 5 0 -deiodinase -E-mail: kafi@shirazu.ac.ir (Moreno et al, 2008). Studies have shown both indirect (De Moraes et al, 1998;Flores et al, 2008) and direct (Spicer et al, 2001) effects of thyroid hormones on ovarian activity in cattle. De Moraes et al (1998) showed that induced hyperthyroidism in Brahman cows resulted in an increase in serum T 3 and was associated with a reduced BCS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…De Moraes et al (1998) showed that induced hyperthyroidism in Brahman cows resulted in an increase in serum T 3 and was associated with a reduced BCS. The incidence of anestrus in induced hyperthyroidic cows was further observed by De Moraes et al (1998). Furthermore, Richards et al (1995) and Flores et al (2008) showed that anestrous beef cows with the lowest BCS had lower serum T 4 concentrations in the postpartum period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Kafi

Tamadon

Saeb

et al. 2012

Animal

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This study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. A total of 75 multiparous healthy (free of detectable reproductive disorders) Holstein dairy cows (mean peak milk yield 5 56.5 6 7.0 kg/day) were used in this study. Transrectal ultrasound scanning and blood sample collection were performed twice weekly. Serum concentrations of progesterone (P 4 ) were measured twice weekly and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids, thyroxine (T 4 ), 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (T 3 ), free thyroxine (fT 4 ) and free 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (fT 3 ) were measured every 2 weeks from the 1st to the 8th week postpartum. On the basis of the serum P 4 profile of the cows, 25 (33.4%) had normal luteal activity (NLA), whereas 30 (40%), 10 (13.3%), 6 (8%) and 4 (5.3%) had prolonged luteal phase (PLP), delayed first ovulation (DOV), anovulation (AOV) and short luteal phase, respectively. Serum T 4 concentrations in PLP cows were higher than that in NLA cows at the 3rd week postpartum and did not change during the period of study, whereas in the NLA cows the concentrations increased (P , 0.05). Further, the least square (LS) mean of serum fT 4 concentrations in the DOV and AOV cows were significantly lower than in the NLA cows during the study period (P , 0.05). In addition, the AOV cows had higher LS mean serum BHBA and T 4 concentrations than the NLA cows in early weeks postpartum (P , 0.05). In conclusion, the serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing PLP, AOV and DOV in comparison with the postpartum NLA cows.Keywords: thyroid hormone, energy metabolite, luteal activity, high-producing dairy cow ImplicationsThis study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. The serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing prolonged luteal phase, anovulation and delayed first ovulation in comparison with the cows with normal postpartum luteal activity. IntroductionHigh-yielding dairy cows have been selected to produce more milk, in large part through their ability to mobilize fat and muscle to support milk production in early lactation. This results in a loss of body condition score (BCS) and is associated with alterations in blood metabolites and hormone profiles, which in turn influence fertility (Pryce et al., 2001;Wathes et al., 2007). The nutritional status of cattle is communicated within the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis via metabolic hormones or blood metabolites or both (Butler, 2000). Previous studies have focused on the association between negative energy balance (NEB) postpartum and delayed onset of ovarian cyclicity, and hence poor fertility (Lucy, 2003;Patton et al., 2007;Wathes et al., 2007)....

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“…PTU effect is dose-dependent and reversible [17]. It was earlier proved that PTU in doses of 4 mg/kg body weight (BW), by acting on central and peripheral level, signifi cantly decreases both T 4 and T 3 in dams treated in daily fashion [18][19][20]. Doses of 1-2 mg/kg BW per day only inhibit the peripheral conversion of T 4 in T 3 [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Iodothyronine Deiodinases Expression in Pregnant Cows Exposed to Propylthiouracil (Ptu) and Thyroid Axis Activity of their Calves

et al. 2016

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The aim of our study was to investigate if the thyroid axis of newborn calves is affected by prenatal application of propylthyouracil (PTU). The study included 20 late pregnant Holstein cows. One group (n=10) was treated with PTU (4 mg/kg of BW daily) from day 20 before expected calving until the day of calving. The other group (n=10) was non-treated. Placental samples of dams were obtained for measuring mRNA expression of iodothyronine deiodinases type I (D1), type II (D2) and type III (D3). After parturition calves were separated from the dams and included in the study. Blood samples were taken daily from each calf starting on the day of birth until day 7 of age. Blood T 3, T 4 and TSH concentrations were measured. PCR analysis of the placental tissue revealed an abundance of all three types of placental deiodinases in non-treated cows, and a signifi cant elevation of mRNA levels for all three types of deiodinases after PTU treatment. Calves that originated from dams treated with PTU had signifi cantly lower T 3 and T 4 and signifi cantly higher TSH concentrations compared to non-treated calves during the fi rst 2 days of life. Starting from day 4 until day 6 of life the opposite effect was observed meaning that calves prenatally exposed to PTU had signifi cantly higher T 3 and T 4 and slightly lower TSH. Our study, for the fi rst time, provides information related to iodothyronine deiodinases mRNA expression in bovine placenta, and confi rm that PTU treatment of pregnant dams provokes depression of thyroid function in newborns during the fi rst days of life.

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Influence of hypo- or hyperthyroidism on ovarian function in Brahman cows.

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants

Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Placental Iodothyronine Deiodinases Expression in Pregnant Cows Exposed to Propylthiouracil (Ptu) and Thyroid Axis Activity of their Calves

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