Influence of host plants on specialist / generalist aphids and on the development of Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Francis, Frédéric; Haubruge, Éric; Gaspar, Charles

doi:10.14411/eje.2000.074

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Thus, while in the study of Francis et al (2000) none of the ladybird larvae fed B. brassicae reared on S. alba reached the adult stage, 45% of syrphids did in the present study. The higher mortality rate of both predator species on a diet of B. brassicae reared on S. alba compared to those fed other diets suggests a transfer of the plant's secondary metabolites through the specialist aphid prey.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Feeding on B. brassicae reared on S. alba resulted in higher larval predator mortality compared either to feeding on the aphid reared on its other host plant, B. napus, or feeding on another aphid species (M. persicae) reared on Brassica or on a GLS free plant. Francis et al (2000) previously demonstrated that toxicity of B. brassicae for A. bipunctata larvae increases with the increasing glucosinolate contents of the host plants. The present study reveals that the Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Influence of prey host plant on a generalist aphidophagous predator: Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Vanhaelen¹,

Gaspar²,

Francis³

2002

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Secondary plant metabolites (allelochemicals) play a major role in plant-insect interactions. Glucosinolates (GLS) and their degradation products from Brassica species are attractants and feeding stimulants for Brassicaceae specialist insects but are generally repellent and toxic for generalist herbivores. The impact of these compounds on crucifer specialist insects are well known but their effect on generalist predators is still not well documented. The influence of the prey's host plant on both development and reproduction of an aphidophagous beneficial, the hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus, was determined using the cabbage aphid, Brevico ryne brassicae (a specialist) and the peach aphid Myzus persicae (a generalist) reared on two crucifer plants, Brassica napus and Sinapis alba containing low and high GLS levels respectively.The prey and its host plant differently influenced life history parameters of E. balteatus. The predator's rates of development and survival did not vary when it fed on the generalist aphid reared on different host plants. These rates decreased, however, when the predator fed on the specialist aphid reared on the host plant with high GLS content plant versus the host plant with lower GLS con tent. This aphid host plant combination also negatively affected hoverfly reproduction; lower fecundity was observed. As a result, the fitness of the hoverfly was strongly affected. This study illustrates the importance of tritrophic relations in pest management involving predators. The host plant of the prey can have a major influence on the potential of a biological agent to control herbivore species such as aphids.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of prey host plant on a generalist aphidophagous predator: Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Vanhaelen¹,

Gaspar²,

Francis³

2002

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…The efficacy of the aphid defence depends on the detoxification ability of its predator. The ladybird A. bipunctata is very sensitive to the isothiocyanates produced by the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae as its GSTs saturate quickly whereas the hoverfly E. balteatus GSTs allow it to feed on that prey 2000;Vanhaelen et al, 2001;2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and characterization of glutathione S-transferases from two syrphid flies (Syrphus ribesii and Myathropa florae)

Vanhaelen

Francis

Haubruge

2004

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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Glutathione S-transferases (GST) play an important role in the detoxification of many substances including organic pollutants and plant secondary metabolites. We compared the GST of two syrphid species, the aphidophagous Syrphus ribesii and the saprophagous Myathropa florea to assess the relation between feeding type and GST patterns. Differences between the GST of the hoverfly species were observed after purification by affinity chromatography, SDS-PAGE and kinetic studies. While the specific activities of the purified enzymes were different, the purification yields were similar. The variation in specific activities was related to the presence of different isoenzymes in both syrphid species by SDS-PAGE. While two bands of 24 and 32 kDa were observed for M. florea, one more band of 26 kDa was present in S. ribesii. When a range of substrate and glutathione concentrations was tested, differences in K and V between the m max glutathione S-transferases from both hoverfly species were also observed. These results are discussed in terms of adaptations to the feeding habit and the habitat of the two syrphid species. ᮊ

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“…The influence of plant allelochemicals is not limited to the herbivores; specialized phytophagous insects such as the lupin aphid, Macrosiphum albifrons Essig, can also use them as defence substances, which affect pest predator biology (10). High mortality rates were observed when the two-spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata L., was fed with aphids reared on Brassicaceae species (11). Increasing GST activity was detected in surviving ladybirds and was correlated with increasing glucosinolate concentrations in the prey host plant (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hoverfly Glutathione S-Transferases and Effect of Brassicaceae Secondary Metabolites

Vanhaelen¹,

Haubruge²,

Lognay

et al. 2001

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

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The Episyrphus balteatus hoverfly is commonly found in very diversified biotopes including Brassicaceae crop fields. Glutathione S-transferases (GST) are detoxification enzymes that are involved in the metaboliza-tion of plant allelochemicals such as glucosinolates and related volatile products (mainly isothiocyanates) from Brassica plants. Developmental expression of E. balteatus glutathione S-transferases was studied. With regard to the high level of glutathione S-transferase activity in syrphid adults, the latter stage was also used to assess the glutathione S-transferase distribution in several parts of the insect. Higher glutathione S-transferase activities were found in the thorax (47.5 and 38.5%) followed by the abdomen (32.4 and 32.9%) and the head (20.4 and 28.5%) with l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, and 2,4-dinitro-l-iodebenzene, respectively. Analysis of Brevicoryne brassicae, the cabbage aphid, by GC-MS revealed the presence of isothiocyanates. The latter are the main degradation products of the glucosinolate from the host plant at neutral pH. Feeding the predators with this aphid species and with the generalist Myzus persicae reared on Brassica napus induced glutathione S-transferase activity. Impact of volatiles from the host plant on the glutathione S-transferase activity was also determined by exposure of syrphid larvae to isothiocyanates (allyl-and benzyl-isothiocyanates). Enzyme inductions were observed only from a 1 ppm concentration. Enzymatic activity evolution was discussed as an adaptation to cope with allelochemicals from plants. Finally, the glutathione 5-transferase activities of several hoverfly species were compared in relation to their feeding behavior (coprophagous, saprophagous, and aphidophagous) at the larval stages. The results seem to indicate quantitative and qualitative differences of glutathione S-transferases according to the feeding behavior of the larvae.

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Influence of host plants on specialist / generalist aphids and on the development of Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Cited by 46 publications

References 28 publications

Influence of prey host plant on a generalist aphidophagous predator: Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Influence of prey host plant on a generalist aphidophagous predator: Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Purification and characterization of glutathione S-transferases from two syrphid flies (Syrphus ribesii and Myathropa florae)

Hoverfly Glutathione S-Transferases and Effect of Brassicaceae Secondary Metabolites

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