Influence of Host Movement on Selection of Hosts byDrino bohemicaMesn. (Diptera: Tachinidae) as Determined in an Olfactometer

Abstract

Two, or possibly three, types of stimuli that may influence host selection by entomophagous insects are produced by movements of the host or the prey. Movement may provide visual or tactile stimuli. Vibration caused by host movement may stimulate some species.Tactile stimuli are produced by a host if it moves when touched by a parasite and are usually provided by a host that is enclosed in a case or a cocoon. Ullyert (1936), working with Dahlbominus fuscipennis (Zett.), and Williams (1951) and Thorpe and Jones (1937), working with Idechthis canescens (Grav.), found tactile stimuli an important factor in host selection, but Simmonds (1943) and Thompson and Parker (1927) concluded it was of little importance in I. canescens and Melittobia acasta Walk. respectively. Movement of potential prey upon contact stimulates attack by foraging ants (Vowels, 1955). Tactile stimuli produced by movement of the host may indicate an unsuitable host to the egg parasite Trichogramma evanescens Westw. (Salt, 1938).

Oviposition behavior of the parasitoid fly, Bessa parallela (Meigen) (Diptera: Tachinidae), in the field

“…It appears to be easy for B. parallela females to recognize hosts on the ground, because they move more actively than those on 662 R. ICHIKI et al trees. Many laboratory studies have reported that host movement increases tachinid fly activity (e.g., Monteith, 1956;Adam and Watson, 1971;Weseloh, 1980;Hébert and Cloutier, 1990;Stireman, 2002). E. japonica is an oviparous generalist (Shima, 2006), and belongs to the same tribe Exoristini (e.g.…”

“…Many reports suggest that host movement increases tachinid fly activity (e.g., Monteith, 1956;Adam and Watson, 1971;Weseloh, 1980;Hébert and Cloutier, 1990). Exorista mella Walker responded strongly to host motion (Stireman, 2002).…”

Semiochemicals mediating host-finding behaviour in the phoretic association between Macrocheles saceri (Acari: Mesostigmata) and Scarabaeus species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

“…Phoretic species can be either generalists (and they use carriers belonging to several taxa; euryxenic species), or more specialized as they only use a few closely related organisms (stenoxenic species) (Euzet & Combes 1980). Generally, semiochemicals of the host (kairomones) have high reliability but low detectability, and host movements can be an important cue in the final step of host selection as demonstrated for parasitoids (Monteith 1956;Godfay 1994;Philipps 2002;Cournoyer & Boivin 2005).…”

Host acceptance behaviour of a predatory pentatomid, Eocanthecona Furcellata (wolff) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) towards larvae of Spodoptera Litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…A parasitoid or a predator may use physical characteristics of the host, such as shape and texture (Weseloh, 1971;Bragg, 1974), size (Richerson and DeLoach, 1972), developmental stage (Isenhour, 1985) and movement or vibrations (Monteith, 1956;Bragg, 1974). A parasitoid or a predator may use physical characteristics of the host, such as shape and texture (Weseloh, 1971;Bragg, 1974), size (Richerson and DeLoach, 1972), developmental stage (Isenhour, 1985) and movement or vibrations (Monteith, 1956;Bragg, 1974).…”