Influence of high contents of dietary soybean oil on growth, feed utilization, tissue fatty acid composition, heart histology and standard oxygen consumption of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) raised at two temperatures

Grisdale‐Helland, Barbara; Ruyter, Bente; Rosenlund, Grethe; Obach, Alex; Helland, Ståle J.; Sandberg, Marianne; Standal, H; Røsjø, C.

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(01)00743-8

Cited by 100 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Similar EPA and DHA contents in soybean and rice bran oils were reported by Krishna, Hemaku mar, and Khaton (2006) and Grisdale-Helland et al (2002). No EPA and DHA was also found in MA, Undaria and L. japonica, diets in this study, partially agreeing with Dawezynski et al (2007)'s study showing that 132 and 162 g/kg of EPA were detected in Undaria pinnatifia and Laminaria sp., but no DHA was detected in all seaweeds investigated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Lee¹,

Kim²,

Choi³

et al. 2017

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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The effects of fish meal (FM ) and macroalgae (M A) substitution with fermented soybean meal and rice bran were tested on a commercial diet in juvenile abalone. Abalone (21600) individuals were distributed equally to four diet treatments. Four experimental diets were prepared: a Std diet, FM 50, FM50+M A50 and FM50+MA100. The standard diet (Std) consists of FM (140 g/kg), fermented soybean meal (250 g/kg), corn gluten meal (34 g/kg), shrimp meal (30 g/kg), wheat flour (200 g/kg), dextrin (50 g/kg) and M A (250 g/kg). Undaria and Laminaria were also prepared. The feeding trial lasted for 16 weeks. Survival of abalone fed the formulated diets was higher than that of abalone fed the Undaria and Laminaria. Weight gain and specific growth rate of abalone fed the Std diet were higher than all other diets. Substitutability of the fermented soybean meal for FM seemed to be rather limited in the commercial diet for abalone farms. However, another 500 g/kg M A in the commercial diet could be substituted with rice bran as long as 500 g/kg M A were substituted with rice bran. The FM 50+M A50 diet is the most recommendable for abalone farm in considering feed cost.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Untitled

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Choi³

et al. 2017

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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“…The fatty acid profile of the experimental diets is given in Table 1. A detailed description of the diet production and composition is given by Grisdale-Helland et al (2002).…”

Section: Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Lipids on Macrophage Function, Stress Susceptibility and Disease Esistance in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Gjøen¹,

Obach²,

Røsjø

et al. 2004

Fish Physiol Biochem

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As the supply of marine fish oil is becoming a limiting factor in the production of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), new diets and alternative sources of energy are being tested. Plant oils are natural potential candidates to replace fish oil, but the different levels of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids may influence the health and growth of salmon. In this study, we have investigated the resistance to transport stress and bacterial infection, phagocytic activity in head kidney macrophages and eicosanoid metabolism in salmon fed three different diets. In high-energy fishmeal based diets, 50% and 100% of the supplementary fish oil (FO) was replaced with soybean oil (SO). The three dietary groups were fed for 950 day-degrees at 5°C (27 weeks) and 12°C (11 weeks) before challenging the fish with Aeromonas salmonicida, analyzing the lipid composition of head kidney and examining macrophage function in vivo and in vitro. Dietary fatty acids affected the lipid composition of the kidney. The level of eicosanoid precursor's 20:4n-6 and 20:3n-6 were 3 and 7-fold higher in the 100% SO group compared with the FO group. The total fraction of n-3 lipids in kidney was 19% in the SO group, compared to 16% and 12% in the 50% or 100% SO groups, respectively. However, the production of leucotriene B 4 (LTB) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE) immunoreactive materiel from exogenously added arachidonic acid in head kidney macrophages was only affected by the composite diet (increased) at 5°C. In addition, the phagocytic activity of kidney macrophages in vivo and in vitro was not affected by diet. No effect of diet was observed on transport stress or susceptibility to a bacterial infection with Aeromonas salmonicida. Atlantic salmon therefore seems to tolerate a diet solely based on soybean oil as lipid source, without any detrimental effects on growth, health and immune functions.

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“…Several studies have shown that alternative lipid sources can replace significant parts of the FO diets for salmon without sacrificing growth or reproduction (Dosanjh et al 1984;Hardy et al 1989;Greene and Selivonchinck 1990;Bell et al 2001Bell et al , 2002Grisdale-Helland et al 2002). It is also well documented that the fatty acid profile of the diet will be reflected in the lipid composition of the fish (Lie et al 1988; Thomassen and Røsjø 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of high content of dietary soybean oil on quality of large fresh, smoked and frozen Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

et al. 2005

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Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was grown in sea cages from 700 g to a market size of 3.2 kg on diets containing either 29% Peruvian high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) fish oil (FO) or 29% soybean oil (SO) as oil source. Chemical analyses and a triangular consumer test were performed on fresh muscle, while colour, texture and liquid holding capacity (LHC) analyses were performed on both fresh muscle, frozen muscle (stored for 3 months) and smoked salmon. The growth and chemical composition of flesh was not affected by the dietary treatment. The muscle fatty acid (FA) profile was reflected by the dietary oil source, and the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) was threefold higher in the salmon fed FO than SO. Muscle pigment concentration was significantly different (p < 0.01) with 7.9 mg kg À1 for FO and 5.6 mg kg À1 for SO fed salmon, respectively. This result was also significantly (p < 0.05) reflected in the difference between the instrumentally measured colour of fresh, frozen and smoked muscle, and visual impressions of fresh and frozen muscle. Gaping, texture and liquid holding capacity was not affected by the dietary treatment, and the consumer panel did not detect any differences between the dietary groups. SO can be used as a dietary oil source in the grow-out phase of salmon production without sacrificing product quality in terms of texture, liquid holding capacity and consumer preference. However, a total substitution of high PUFA fish oil by SO in diets for salmon grown to market size, affects muscle colour and the FA profile significantly. (p<0.05).

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Influence of high contents of dietary soybean oil on growth, feed utilization, tissue fatty acid composition, heart histology and standard oxygen consumption of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) raised at two temperatures

Cited by 100 publications

References 25 publications

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Effect of Dietary Lipids on Macrophage Function, Stress Susceptibility and Disease Esistance in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Influence of high content of dietary soybean oil on quality of large fresh, smoked and frozen Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

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