Influence of Hesperidin on Systemic Immunity of Rats Following an Intensive Training and Exhausting Exercise

Ruiz-Iglesias, Patricia; Estruel-Amades, Sheila; Camps-Bossacoma, Mariona; Massot-Cladera, Malén; Franch, Àngels; Pérez-Cano, Francisco J.

doi:10.3390/nu12051291

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The results of another study indicate the beneficial effects of citrus flavanones in the old-aged rat liver, where naringenin and hesperidin prevented the age-linked decrease of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase [66]. Hesperidin demonstrated antioxidant activity in rats after an intensive training program, and attenuated the secretion of cytokines by stimulated macrophages [67,68]. The administration of hesperetin has been shown to significantly reduce the levels of myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde (a marker of lipid peroxidation) and inflammation in experimental models of colitis [69] and hepatic trauma [70].…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Bellavite

Donzelli²

2020

Antioxidants

145

140

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Among the many approaches to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention, the possible role of nutrition has so far been rather underestimated. Foods are very rich in substances, with a potential beneficial effect on health, and some of these could have an antiviral action or be important in modulating the immune system and in defending cells from the oxidative stress associated with infection. This short review draws the attention on some components of citrus fruits, and especially of the orange (Citrus sinensis), well known for its vitamin and flavonoid content. Among the flavonoids, hesperidin has recently attracted the attention of researchers, because it binds to the key proteins of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several computational methods, independently applied by different researchers, showed that hesperidin has a low binding energy, both with the coronavirus “spike” protein, and with the main protease that transforms the early proteins of the virus (pp1a and ppa1b) into the complex responsible for viral replication. The binding energy of hesperidin to these important components is lower than that of lopinavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, suggesting that it could perform an effective antiviral action. Furthermore, both hesperidin and ascorbic acid counteract the cell damaging effects of the oxygen free radicals triggered by virus infection and inflammation. There is discussion about the preventive efficacy of vitamin C, at the dose achievable by the diet, but recent reviews suggest that this substance can be useful in the case of strong immune system burden caused by viral disease. Computational methods and laboratory studies support the need to undertake apposite preclinical, epidemiological, and experimental studies on the potential benefits of citrus fruit components for the prevention of infectious diseases, including COVID-19.

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Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Bellavite

Donzelli²

2020

Antioxidants

145

140

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“…Regarding flavonoid supplementation, a previous study reported a 5% increase in absolute power output in a 10-min time trial (TT) after four weeks of 2S-hesperidin intake (500 mg) in cyclists [13]. Other authors have also reported performance improvements (time until exhaustion~58%) in animals [17,18]. Currently there are no other studies that analyzing the effects of chronic hesperidin intake on performance.…”

Section: Incremental Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 8 Weeks of 2S-Hesperidin Supplementation on Performance in Amateur Cyclists

2020

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2S-Hesperidin is a flavanone (flavonoid) found in high concentrations in citrus fruits. It has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, improving performance in animals. This study investigated the effects of chronic intake of an orange extract (2S-hesperidin) or placebo on non-oxidative/glycolytic and oxidative metabolism markers and performance markers in amateur cyclists. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out between late September and December 2018. Forty amateur cyclists were randomized into two groups: one taking 500 mg/day 2S-hesperidin and the other taking 500 mg/day placebo (microcellulose) for eight weeks. All participants completed the study. An incremental test was used to evaluate performance, and a step test was used to measure oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide, efficiency and oxidation of carbohydrates and fat by indirect calorimetry. The anaerobic power (non-oxidative) was determined using Wingate tests (30 s). After eight weeks supplementation, there was an increase in the incremental test in estimated functional threshold power (FTP) (3.2%; p ≤ 0.05) and maximum power (2.7%; p ≤ 0.05) with 2S-hesperdin compared to placebo. In the step test, there was a decrease in VO2 (L/min) (−8.3%; p ≤ 0.01) and VO2R (mL/kg/min) (−8.9%; p ≤ 0.01) at VT2 in placebo. However, there were no differences between groups. In the Wingate test, there was a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in peak and relative power in both groups, but without differences between groups. Supplementation with an orange extract (2S-hesperdin) 500 mg/day improves estimated FTP and maximum power performance in amateur cyclists.

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“…This study also found an improvement in endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and GSH:GSSG ratio. In the same line, a recent study in trained animals reported that intake of hesperidin for 4 weeks improved performance and prevented immune alterations induced by exhausting exercise [15]. Recently, one parallel-group study has shown improvements in the time until exhaustion (58%) on maximal exercise test at 3 weeks of a 5-week chronic supplementation of 2S-hesperidin (200 mg/kg), but not in placebo group [16].…”

Section: **Insert Figure 1**mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, performance improvements have also been seen in animals following chronic intake of hesperidin and hesperetin (hesperidin metabolite) [13,15,16].…”

Section: Wingate Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study also showed an improvement in performance (distance covered) of 58% after 3 weeks of supplementation in a test intervention until exhaustion. Sin embargo, Recently, Ruiz-Iglesias et al[15] found that intake of 2S-hesperidin (200 mg/kg three days per week) for 5 weeks improved performance and prevented exercise-induced immune system alterations after testing to exhaustion in a trained rat model. Citrus flavanone (hesperidin and hesperetin) has the ability to modulate cellular antioxidant defenses through the Nrf2-ARE pathway, which regulates gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, CAT, HO-1 and GPx, decreasing…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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8 Weeks of 2s-Hesperidin Supplementation Improves Power Output at Estimated Functional Threshold Power and Maximum Power in Amateur Cyclist

Martínez-Noguera¹,

Marín-Pagán²,

Carlos‐Vivas³

2020

Preprint

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2S-hesperidin is a flavanone (flavonoid) found in high concentrations in citrus fruits. It has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect, improving performance in animals. This study investigated the effects of chronic intake of an orange extract (2S-hesperidin) or placebo on aerobic-anaerobic and metabolic performance markers in amateur cyclists. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out between late September and December 2018. Forty amateur cyclists were randomized into two groups: one taking 500mg/day 2S-hesperidin and other taking 500 mg/day placebo (microcellulose) for 8 weeks. All participants completed the study. Performance and metabolic aerobic-anaerobic markers were measured using incremental and rectangular tests by indirect calorimetry. The anaerobic power was determined using Wingate tests. After 8 weeks supplementation, there was a significant increase in the incremental test in estimated functional threshold power (FTP) (3.23%; p≤0.05) and maximum power (2.68%; p≤0.05) with 2S-Hesperdin compared to placebo. In the rectangular test, there was a significant decrease in VO2 (-8.26%; p≤0.01) and VO2R (-8.88%; p≤0.01) at VT2 in placebo; however, there were no significant differences between groups. In the Wingate test, there was a significant increase (p≤0.05) in peak and relative power in both groups, but without significant differences between groups. Supplementation with an orange extract (2S-hesperdin) 500mg/day improves estimated FTP and maximum power performance in amateur cyclists.

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Influence of Hesperidin on Systemic Immunity of Rats Following an Intensive Training and Exhausting Exercise

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Effects of 8 Weeks of 2S-Hesperidin Supplementation on Performance in Amateur Cyclists

8 Weeks of 2s-Hesperidin Supplementation Improves Power Output at Estimated Functional Threshold Power and Maximum Power in Amateur Cyclist

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