Influence of headbugs (<i>Eurystylus</i> sp.) on sorghum 
grain mould in the Nigerian savanna

Marley, P. S.; Malgwi, A. M.

doi:10.1017/s0021859698006078

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Experiments carried out by IER at Sotuba, Mali, in 1990 and clearly demonstrated the strong relationship between head-bugs and grain molds. This was confirmed in experiments conducted by IAR at Samaru, Nigeria, in 1995(Marley and Malgwi, 1999.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Sorghum head-bugs and grain molds in West and Central Africa: I. Host plant resistance and bug–mold interactions on sorghum grains

et al. 2003

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A regional sorghum head-bug and grain mold resistance trial was conducted in 1996 and 1997 at 15 and 13 research stations located in 10 West and Central African countries, respectively. Two cultivars namely IS 14384 and CGM 39/17-2-2 exhibited consistently high levels of resistance both to head-bugs and grain molds over years and localities. Eurystylus oldi was the dominant head-bug species at all localities except in Benin, Chad and Guinea. Sorghum grain mycoflora varied little between sites with genera Phoma and Fusarium dominating, followed by Curvularia. Efficiency of the insecticidal treatment on head-bug incidence partially confirmed the critical role played by head-bugs in aggravating mold infection.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Sorghum head-bugs and grain molds in West and Central Africa: I. Host plant resistance and bug–mold interactions on sorghum grains

et al. 2003

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“…The degree of mouldiness (discoloration) of threshed grains was examined on 30 g of seeds spread over a glass dish using a stereomicroscope (magnification 30×) (Audilakshmi et al ., 1999). Discoloration was assessed as a percentage of the discoloured grain surface per total area of the grain (Marley & Malgwi, 1999). The 1000‐grain weight was determined on a sensitive balance (Type B6100, Sartorius GMBH).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of weather variables on grain mould of sorghum in South Africa

Tarekegn¹,

McLaren²,

Swart³

2006

Plant Pathology

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Effects of weather variables of mould development on sorghum grain were studied over three consecutive seasons in South Africa. Five sorghum hybrids planted at different dates ensured developing seeds were exposed to different weather conditions. Incidence of grain mould fungi was determined at harvest by incubating seeds on 2% malt extract agar. Averages of different weather variables (maximum and minimum temperatures, maximum relative humidity, total precipitation and frequency of precipitation) were determined for all permutations of weekly time intervals for a 2-month postflowering period to identify when these variables and pathogen incidence were significantly correlated. Significant correlations were used to develop models to quantify relationships between variables. Significant positive correlations were observed between the incidence of mould fungi and weather 4 -6 weeks after flowering in the shorter season hybrid cv. Buster, and 5-8 weeks after flowering in the remaining hybrids. In most hybrids, correlations between the incidence of grain mould pathogens, including Alternaria alternata , Curvularia spp. ( C. lunata and C. clavata ), Fusarium spp. ( F. proliferatum and F. graminearum ), and Drechslera sorghicola , and average minimum temperature, total rainfall and frequency of rainfall were significant ( P = 0·05). In four hybrids, models showing a linear relationship between the logarithm of pathogen incidence and minimum temperature, and in one hybrid, between pathogen incidence and rainfall frequency, were developed. Depending on the hybrid, models that used minimum temperature as predictor described 60 -82% of variation in the incidence of pathogens. Frequency of rainfall explained 93% of the variation in pathogen incidence in one sorghum hybrid genotype. Evaluation of the models using an independent data set yielded average prediction errors near zero, indicating that the models were acceptable.

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“…A similar increment in the incidence of grain mould pathogens and consequent reduction in sorghum grain weight and germination due to infestation by sorghum head bug (E. oldO were reported (Marley & Malgwi, 1999). Infestation of sorghum panicles by E. immaculatus was shown to increase the incidence of grain mould and grain hardness, germination and weight (Sharma et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Studies on weather variables and host related factorh that affect sorghum grain mould have shown that tempe;ature, relative humidity and grain development stage significantly influence the severity of grain mould (Bandyopadhyay et al, 1991;Singh & Agarwal, 1993;Tarekegn, McLaren & Swart, 2004). Other studies on the relationship between biotic factors and sorghum grain mould development emphasised the role of panicle insects (Sharma et aI., 1992;Sharma et aI., 1994;Marley & Malgwi, 1999;Sharma et al, 2000) colonising panicles. Marley and Malgwi (1999) demonstrated that grain mould fungi (F thapsinum, P sorghina and C. lunata) increased while grain yield and germination decreased in sorghum infested by head bugs (Eurystylus oldi Poppius) compared with uninfested ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies on the relationship between biotic factors and sorghum grain mould development emphasised the role of panicle insects (Sharma et aI., 1992;Sharma et aI., 1994;Marley & Malgwi, 1999;Sharma et al, 2000) colonising panicles. Marley and Malgwi (1999) demonstrated that grain mould fungi (F thapsinum, P sorghina and C. lunata) increased while grain yield and germination decreased in sorghum infested by head bugs (Eurystylus oldi Poppius) compared with uninfested ones. These authors observed a change in the incidence of grain mould fungi following insect damage with F thapsinum becoming the most dominant pathogen compared with P sorghina under normal conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between ergot and grain mould development in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Tarekegn

McLaren

Swart

2006

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the influence of sorghum ergot on the incidence of grain mould pathogens and on damage to sorghum grains. Grain mould pathogens used were Curvularia lunata, Fusarium subglutinans and Phoma sorghina. Inoculation with the ergot pathogen (Claviceps africana) was performed at anthesis and with the grain mould pathogens at the soft dough growth stage. In all four sorghum cultivars tested, seeds from panicles inoculated with grain mould pathogens following inoculation with C. africana revealed a significantly higher (P*0.05) incidence of P sorghina than those inoculated with only the er~ot or grain mould pathogens. A significantly higher incidence of C. lunata (in PAN8564 and Gambelia1107) and F.subglutinans (in PAN8564) was recorded in seeds from panicles inoculated with ergot and grain mould than from the remaining treatments. Likewise, significantly higher grain discolouration was found where both ergot and grain mould pathogens were inoculated on panicles. Relatively lower 1000-grain weight and percentage germination were observed from ergot and grain mould inoculated panicles. There was a significant relationship between ergot severity and the incidence of P sorghina (r = 0.82 to 0.97; P*0.05) in all the cultivars and that of C. lunata (r = 0.92) in PAN8564. Ergot severity correlated positively (P*0.05) with grain discolouration except in PAN8446. Results indicate that ergot can significantly influence grain mould development and hence the yield and quality of sorghum grains. Management of ergot may thus help to reduce the severity of grain mould thereby decreasing the resulting damage to grains.

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Influence of headbugs (Eurystylus sp.) on sorghum grain mould in the Nigerian savanna

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Sorghum head-bugs and grain molds in West and Central Africa: I. Host plant resistance and bug–mold interactions on sorghum grains

Sorghum head-bugs and grain molds in West and Central Africa: I. Host plant resistance and bug–mold interactions on sorghum grains

Effects of weather variables on grain mould of sorghum in South Africa

Relationship between ergot and grain mould development in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

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