Influence of growth conditions and annealing parameters on the near-infrared optical absorption of epitaxial magnetic garnet films

Abstract

Several series of epitaxial films of nominal pure and bismuth-, aluminum-substituted yttrium iron garnet are grown on [111]-oriented paramagnetic substrates from PbO-fluxed melts. The growth rate is varied systematically by changing the supercooling. The optical absorption at a wavelength of 1330 nm and the concentrations of the impurities Pb2+, Pb4+, Pt4+, Si4+, and Ca2+ are measured. The absorption shows a minimum at a certain growth rate vmin, which increases linearly with the saturation temperature of the melt. The minimum of the absorption constant reaches values below 0.3 cm−1. The as-grown films contain a surplus of four-valent impurities, the minimum concentration of which correlates with the minimum of the optical absorption. The absorption of samples with growth rates higher than vmin can be reduced considerably by annealing in hydrogen atmosphere at 430 °C for a few minutes.

Effects of high-temperature annealing on the optical absorption of Ca:YIG films

“…These features have been identified in YIG as crystal field transitions. 4,5 The transition at 607 nm is the 6 A 1 ( 6 S)→ 4 T 1 ( 4 G) transition occurring within the tetrahedral iron crystal field levels, while the other feature occurring at 910 nm is the 6 A 1g ( 6 S)→ 4 T 1g ( 4 G) transition occurring within the octahedral crystal field levels. No shift in the position of these transitions is observed during the course of the annealing study.…”