Influence of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube additives on tribological behaviour of lubricants

Singh, Rabesh Kumar; Dixit, Amit Rai; Sharma, Anuj Kumar; Tiwari, Arun Kumar; Mandal, Vimal; Pramanik, Alokesh

doi:10.1504/ijsurfse.2018.094773

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Furthermore, Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes have a high aspect ratio (length to diameter ratio), which increases thermal conductivity and improves the heat-carrying capacity of the conventional base oil lubricant, which result in lowering friction coefficient [30][31][32][33]. Furthermore, the MWCNT particles cover the contact surfaces and contain sp2 bonding, which provides a reduced shear force and aids in friction reduction [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Additives on the Tribological Properties of Austempered AISI 4340 Steel

Sultan¹,

Karash²,

Abdulrazzaq³

et al. 2022

JESA

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Due to a combination of optimal properties such as great strength, high hardness, good process ability, and good mechanical properties, AISI 4340 steel is widely used in many critical industrial applications such as nuclear, military, defense, and aerospace. It is also widely used in hydraulic forged machine tools, forged automotive crankshaft systems, shafts and gears, because of their improved characteristics, and its good tribological properties. The purpose regarding this work is to check the tribological characteristics of austempered AISI 4340 steel while dry and lubricated with machinery oil of SAE 30 grade as base oil. As received, AISI 4340 steel samples have been austempered to four definitely austenitic phase temperatures (850℃, 900℃, 1000℃, and 1050℃) for 90 minutes before being immersed in a mixture of potassium nitrite and sodium nitrite at 400℃ for 45 minutes. Friction and wear tests were then performed on austempered samples. Multi-walled carbon nanotube particles were blended at weight concentrations of 0.055, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, and 0.45 with typical machinery oil of 30 grade as base lubricant oil. A pin on the disc wear configuration was used in the experimental investigation. The use of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNTs) additives in the base oil resulted in a decrease in both friction coefficients and wear rates values when compared to typical base oil lubricant. The results also showed a reduction in both friction coefficients and wear rates as the sample's austempering temperatures were raised. Sliding surfaces were also photo micro graphed, and when the volume concentrations of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube particles in the normal base oil lubricant were increased, smoother surfaces with less damage were shown.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Additives on the Tribological Properties of Austempered AISI 4340 Steel

Sultan¹,

Karash²,

Abdulrazzaq³

et al. 2022

JESA

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“…On the nanoscale level, interfaces between stacked layers of graphene are significantly weaker than grease-graphene interfaces [64]. The addition of graphene to grease increases the viscosity of grease, which in turn increases its shear strength, while weak Van der Waal bonding between graphene layers reduces their interface shear strength [65].…”

Section: Modal Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The carbonaceous nano-additives possessed high damping and elasticity properties that significantly reduced vibration signal transmissibility between bearing elements. Furthermore, the 2-D structure of rGO had a large area that covered the asperities between the mating surfaces and inhibited metal-to-metal contact in the elastohydrodynamic zone [64]. Hence, it reduced the vibration levels due to rolling friction in the ball bearings during operation.…”

Section: Vibration Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Graphene Nano-Additives to Lithium Grease on the Dynamic and Tribological Behavior of Rolling Bearings

Nassef

Soliman²,

Nassef

et al. 2022

Lubricants

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In recent years, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) received considerable interest as a lubricant nano-additive for enhancing sliding and rolling contacts. This paper investigates the tribological and dynamic behavior of ball bearings lubricated by lithium grease at different weight percentages of rGO. Full bearing tests were conducted for experimental modal analysis, vibration analysis, ultrasonic analysis, and infrared thermography. Modal analysis indicated considerable improvements of the damping ratio values up to 50% for the bearings with rGO nano-additives. These findings were confirmed by the corresponding reductions in vibrations and ultrasound levels. The steady-state temperatures of bearings running with lithium grease reached 64 °C, whereas the temperature of bearings lubricated by grease with 2 wt.% rGO measured only 27 °C. A Timken Load test was conducted on grease samples with and without rGO additives. Grease samples having 2, 3.5, and 5 wt.% rGO showed the highest OK load with an increase of 25%, 50%, and 100% as compared to values of lithium grease. For comparison, all tests were conducted on samples of the same grease blended with graphite and MWCNTs’ nano-additives. The results proved the superiority of graphene in enhancing the load-carrying capacity and damping of grease in rolling bearings.

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“…To date, a number of nanoparticles have been used with various base oils, and the effects on the wear and friction performance of these base oils have been studied [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Those nanomaterials that are most used as lubricant additives include graphene [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], graphene oxide [ 15 ], carbon nanotubes [ 16 , 17 ], boron nitride [ 18 ], silicon dioxide [ 19 ], copper oxide [ 20 ], and titanium dioxide [ 21 ]. Additionally, a few studies have also been conducted on combinations of different nanomaterials (hybrid nanoparticles) as lubricant additives [ 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Friction Performance of Lubricants with Nano Additives

et al. 2021

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It has been established in literature that the addition of nanoparticles to lubricants at an optimum concentration results in a lower coefficient of friction compared to lubricants with no nanoparticle additives. This review paper shows a comparison of different lubricants based on the COF (coefficient of friction) with nanoadditives. The effect of the addition of nanoparticles on the friction coefficient was analyzed for both synthetic and biolubricants separately. The limitations associated with the use of nanoparticles are explained. The mechanisms responsible for a reduction in friction when nanoparticles are used as an additive are also discussed. Various nanoparticles that have been most widely used in recent years showed good performance within lubricants, including CuO (copper oxide), MoS2 (molybdenum disulfide), and TiO2 (titanium dioxide). The paper also indicates some research gaps that need to be addressed.

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Influence of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube additives on tribological behaviour of lubricants

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

The Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Additives on the Tribological Properties of Austempered AISI 4340 Steel

The Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Additives on the Tribological Properties of Austempered AISI 4340 Steel

Impact of Graphene Nano-Additives to Lithium Grease on the Dynamic and Tribological Behavior of Rolling Bearings

A Review of Friction Performance of Lubricants with Nano Additives

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