Influence of Grand Multiparity on the Levels of Insulin, Glucose and HOMA-IR in Comparison with Nulliparity and Primiparity

Abdelsalam, Kamal Eldin Ahmed; Elamin, Abdelsamee Alobeid M

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2017.42.46

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, higher than average glucose levels in elderly individuals without DM have also been associated with an increased risk of incident dementia (Crane et al ., 2013 ). Insulin sensitivity drops to 50% in the third trimester of pregnancy and grand multiparity is associated with an increased risk of subsequent clinical insulin resistance in premenopausal women (Abdelsalam and Elamin, 2017 ). It has also been reported that postmenopausal women with four or more children have higher insulin resistance than nulliparous and primiparous women (Humphries et al ., 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity and the risk of incident dementia: a COSMIC study

Bae

Lipnicki

Han

et al. 2020

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims To investigate the association between parity and the risk of incident dementia in women. Methods We pooled baseline and follow-up data for community-dwelling women aged 60 or older from six population-based, prospective cohort studies from four European and two Asian countries. We investigated the association between parity and incident dementia using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age, educational level, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cohort, with additional analysis by dementia subtype (Alzheimer dementia (AD) and non-Alzheimer dementia (NAD)). Results Of 9756 women dementia-free at baseline, 7010 completed one or more follow-up assessments. The mean follow-up duration was 5.4 ± 3.1 years and dementia developed in 550 participants. The number of parities was associated with the risk of incident dementia (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.13). Grand multiparity (five or more parities) increased the risk of dementia by 30% compared to 1–4 parities (HR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.02–1.67). The risk of NAD increased by 12% for every parity (HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02–1.23) and by 60% for grand multiparity (HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.00–2.55), but the risk of AD was not significantly associated with parity. Conclusions Grand multiparity is a significant risk factor for dementia in women. This may have particularly important implications for women in low and middle-income countries where the fertility rate and prevalence of grand multiparity are high.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity and the risk of incident dementia: a COSMIC study

Bae

Lipnicki

Han

et al. 2020

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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“…In all species, maternal insulin resistance is a physiological adaptation to pregnancy to enhance foetal glucose supply 14 . In species such as humans and mice, insulin resistance in response to pregnancy is more pronounced in multiparous compared to primiparous dams, possibly due to an increased body mass index 15–17 . Primiparous dams may then be less able to adapt metabolically to pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary arginine supplementation in pregnant mares on maternal metabolism, placental structure and function and foal growth

Robles

Couturier-Tarrade

Derisoud

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Foals born to primiparous mares are lighter and less mature than those born to multiparous dams. Factors driving this difference are not totally understood. Using 7 multiparous and 6 primiparous standardbred mares, we demonstrated that, in late gestation, primiparous mares were less insulin resistant compared to multiparous mares, and that their foals had reduced plasma amino-acid concentrations at birth compared to foals born to multiparous mares. Vascular development, as observed through structure and gene expression, and global DNA methylation were also reduced in primiparous placentas. Another group of 8 primiparous mares was orally supplemented with L-arginine (100 g/day, 210d to term). L-arginine improved pregnancy-induced insulin resistance and increased maternal L-arginine and L-ornithine plasma concentrations but foal plasma amino acid concentrations were not affected at birth. At birth, foal weight and placental biometry, structure, ultra-structure and DNA methylation were not modified. Placental expression of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid transfers was increased. In conclusion, maternal insulin resistance in response to pregnancy and placental function are reduced in primiparous pregnancies. Late-gestation L-arginine supplementation may help primiparous mares to metabolically adapt to pregnancy and improve placental function. More work is needed to confirm these effects and ascertain optimal treatment conditions.

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“…These include reductions in high-density lipoprotein and changes in glucose metabolism, which persist into later life and are associated with later-life cognition. (10,11,(59)(60)(61) There are hormonal changes following pregnancy and the birth of a child. For women, estrogen and estradiol levels vary through the lifespan, and these variations can be associated with reproductive life history.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modifiable risk factors for cognitive impairment include years of formal education; mental health conditions, such as depression; cardiovascular risk factors, such as insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia; lifestyle risk factors, such as cognitive training and social engagement; and sleep disturbances. (3-5) Some of these risk factors can be linked to the social and biological experiences of parenthood, meaning that reproductive life history, including number of children, may be associated with later-life cognitive function, decline, and impairment, (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) It is essential to better understand the potentially complex relationship between parity and later-life cognitive health outcomes, to identify potential interventions to reduce the population health impact of cognitive decline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiologically, mothers and fathers experience changes in hormones and other metabolic processes, which can persist into later life and contribute to cognitive performance. (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) Mothers can also experience cognitive deficits that begin in pregnancy and can last years following parturition. (12) Parents often experience increased sleep deficits and disturbances compared to nonparents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Number of children and mid- to later-life cognitive function and cognitive impairment in rural South Africa: Evidence from “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa” (HAALSI)

Phillips,

Kobayashi,

Chakraborty

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundCognitive impairment is projected to rise substantially by 2050, particularly in low- and middle-income countries with aging populations. Reproductive life history may be associated with later-life cognitive function. We aim to estimate the association between number of children and mid- to later-life cognitive performance.MethodData were from 5059 older adults (46% men) aged ≥40 years in the population-representative rural cohort of the “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa” (HAALSI). We fit linear regression and modified Poisson models to estimate the associations between number of children and cognitive function. Analyses were stratified by sex/gender, controlling for age, education, literacy, self-reported childhood health, country of birth, and father’s occupation.ResultsAfter adjustment, men with any number of children and women with 5+ children had higher cognitive function compared to those without children (β[95% CI]: Men: 1-2: 0.29[0.13 – 0.45], 3-4: 0.50[0.34 – 0.65], 5+: 0.48[0.33 – 0.63]; Women: 5+: 0.17[0.01 – 0.34]). Results from the adjusted modified Poisson regression models found that for men and women, groups with any number of children showed a lower prevalence of cognitive impairment than the group with 0 children (PR[95% CI] Men: 1-2: 0.48[0.31 – 0.75], 3-4: 0.21[0.12 – 0.37], 5+: 0.28[0.19 – 0.41], Women: 1-2: 0.52[0.31 – 0.88], 3-4: 0.55[0.33 – 0.91], 5+: 0.41[0.25 – 0.69]).ConclusionAmong older rural South African adults, having children was associated with greater cognitive performance and lower prevalence of cognitive impairment. Men tended to have larger protective associations than women, which may be due to sex/gender differences in biological and social roles of childbearing and rearing. Understanding the complex relationship between having children and later-life cognitive function may help identify interventions to reduce the impact of cognitive decline.

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Influence of Grand Multiparity on the Levels of Insulin, Glucose and HOMA-IR in Comparison with Nulliparity and Primiparity

Abstract: Grand multiparity is associated with an increased risk of subsequent clinical insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Parity and the risk of incident dementia: a COSMIC study

Parity and the risk of incident dementia: a COSMIC study

Effects of dietary arginine supplementation in pregnant mares on maternal metabolism, placental structure and function and foal growth

Number of children and mid- to later-life cognitive function and cognitive impairment in rural South Africa: Evidence from “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa” (HAALSI)

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