Influence of glow discharge on evolution of disturbance in a hypersonic boundary layer: The effect of second mode

Abstract

This is the companion volume on the effects of artificial disturbance on the transition process of a boundary layer over a flat plate. The artificial disturbance with the frequency in the range of second-mode instability is introduced into the boundary layer by glowing discharge on the surface of the plate. Experiments are performed using Rayleigh-scattering visualization, wall pressure pulsations measurement, and high-frequency schlieren visualization in the Φ300 mm hypersonic quiet wind tunnel at Peking University. It is found that the second-mode instability waves are stimulated remarkably by the artificial disturbance, and the boundary layer transition is triggered effectively. The second-mode instability interacts with the first mode via a phase-lock mechanism, which leads to the rapid amplification of the first mode and the moving forward of transition location.

Boundary layer transition of hypersonic flow over a delta wing

“…This result is consistent with experimental results in the flat boundary layer (Zhang et al. 2020), wherein the low-frequency waves are observed to transfer energy to the second mode wave via a similar phase difference locking mechanism. There is no phase difference locking mechanism between the cross-flow instability and the first mode nor between the second mode and the first mode.…”

“…Later, Li et al. (2020) and Zhang, Li & Lee (2020) extended the phase-locked mechanism to the interaction of different frequency disturbances, holding that the phase velocity locking mechanism can explain the interaction between the second mode and the first mode, and the second mode can transfer energy to the first mode through the phase velocity locking mechanism. In addition, the phase difference locking mechanism can explain the interaction between the first mode and the second mode, which causes the first mode to transfer energy to the second mode.…”

“…(2020) and Zhang et al. (2020) used to study the interaction between modes in a flat-plate boundary layer to analyse whether interactions exist between the travelling cross-flow mode and the second mode; the second mode and the first mode; and the travelling cross-flow mode and the first mode. We investigate the internal mechanisms of these interactions; therefore, we need to know the correlation between the phase angle and phase velocity of the three unstable modes.…”

“…In addition, the phase difference locking mechanism can explain the interaction between the first mode and the second mode, which causes the first mode to transfer energy to the second mode. Here, we adopt the method that Li et al (2020) and Zhang et al (2020) used to study the interaction between modes in a flat-plate boundary layer to analyse whether interactions exist between the travelling cross-flow mode and the second mode; the second mode and the first mode; and the travelling cross-flow mode and the first mode. We investigate the internal mechanisms of these interactions; therefore, we need to know the correlation between the phase angle and phase velocity of the three unstable modes.…”

Experimental study on surface arc plasma actuation-based hypersonic boundary layer transition flow control

“…In 2020, Li et al introduced high-frequency glow discharge (105 kHz) as an artificial disturbance in a hypersonic flat boundary layer. The simulation results indicated that glow discharge plasma disturbance has significant effects on the second-mode unstable wave and can effectively trigger boundary layer transition [28]. The purpose of the introduction of high-frequency artificial disturbance is to experimentally explore the nonlinear mechanism of second-mode and the first-mode waves in the transition process of the hypersonic plate boundary layer.…”