Influence of global inspiratory muscle fatigue on breathing during exercise

Śliwiński, Paweł; Shi, Yan; Gauthier, Alain P.; Macklem, Peter T.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1996.80.4.1270

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…5) is more likely a consequence, rather than a cause, of the reduced speed throughout the entire EMF-EX. Indeed, HR relative to speed did not diVer between EMF-EX and CON-EX, and previous studies have shown that induction of IMF did not modify HR during subsequent exercise at a given power output (Mador and Acevedo 1991;Sliwinski et al 1996).…”

Section: Methodological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Expiratory muscle fatigue impairs exercise performance

et al. 2007

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High-intensity, exhaustive exercise may lead to inspiratory as well as expiratory muscle fatigue (EMF). Induction of inspiratory muscle fatigue (IMF) before exercise has been shown to impair subsequent exercise performance. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether induction of EMF also aVects subsequent exercise performance. Twelve healthy young men performed Wve 12-min running tests on a 400-m track on separate days: a preliminary trial, two trials after induction of EMF, and two trials without prior muscle fatigue. Tests with and without prior EMF were performed in an alternate order, randomly starting with either type. EMF was deWned as a ¸20% drop in maximal expiratory mouth pressure achieved during expiratory resistive breathing against 50% maximal expiratory mouth pressure. The average distance covered in 12 min was signiWcantly smaller during exercise with prior EMF compared to control exercise (2872 § 256 vs. 2957 § 325 m; P = 0.002). Running speed was consistently lower (0.13 m s ¡1 ) throughout the entire 12 min of exercise with prior EMF. A signiWcant correlation was observed between the level of EMF (decrement in maximal expiratory mouth pressure after resistive breathing) and the reduction in running distance (r 2 = 0.528, P = 0.007). Perceived respiratory exertion was higher during the Wrst 800 m and heart rate was lower throughout the entire test of running with prior EMF compared to control exercise (5.3 § 1.6 vs. 4.5 § 1.7 points, P = 0.002; 173 § 10 vs. 178 § 7 beats min ¡1 , P = 0.005). We conclude that EMF impairs exercise performance as previously reported for IMF.

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Section: Methodological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Expiratory muscle fatigue impairs exercise performance

et al. 2007

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“…Flow resistive loads have been used to target specifically the inspiratory or expiratory muscles, whereas voluntary hyperpnea has been used to target globally the respiratory muscles. Using these procedures, exercise capacity has been shown to either decrease (323,341,517,538) or not change (136,487,491). However, a problem with "prefatigue" studies, is that respiratory muscle fatigue is generally either not assessed (136,341,491) or not quantified objectively using direct, effort independent techniques (323, 538).…”

Section: Consequences For Exercise Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Ventilation and Respiratory Mechanics

Sheel

Romer

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

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During dynamic exercise, the healthy pulmonary system faces several major challenges, including decreases in mixed venous oxygen content and increases in mixed venous carbon dioxide. As such, the ventilatory demand is increased, while the rising cardiac output means that blood will have considerably less time in the pulmonary capillaries to accomplish gas exchange. Blood gas homeostasis must be accomplished by precise regulation of alveolar ventilation via medullary neural networks and sensory reflex mechanisms. It is equally important that cardiovascular and pulmonary system responses to exercise be precisely matched to the increase in metabolic requirements, and that the substantial gas transport needs of both respiratory and locomotor muscles be considered. Our article addresses each of these topics with emphasis on the healthy, young adult exercising in normoxia. We review recent evidence concerning how exercise hyperpnea influences sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow and the effect this might have on the ability to perform muscular work. We also review sex-based differences in lung mechanics.

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“…Fatigue of inspiratory or expiratory muscles can be produced using resistive loads, while global respiratory muscle fatigue can be achieved using voluntary hyperpnea. Prefatigue studies have shown either a significant decrease (69,79,132) or no change (24,113,118) in performance during subsequent heavy exercise. However, a problem with some of these studies is that respiratory muscle fatigue was not assessed (24,79,118) or was not quantified objectively using nerve stimulation techniques (69,132).…”

Section: Functional Consequences Of Respiratory Muscle Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-induced respiratory muscle fatigue: implications for performance

Romer

Polkey²

2008

Journal of Applied Physiology

256

212

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Romer LM, Polkey MI. Exercise-induced respiratory muscle fatigue: implications for performance. J Appl Physiol 104: 879 -888, 2008. First published December 20, 2007 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01157.2007.-It is commonly held that the respiratory system has ample capacity relative to the demand for maximal O 2 and CO2 transport in healthy humans exercising near sea level. However, this situation may not apply during heavy-intensity, sustained exercise where exercise may encroach on the capacity of the respiratory system. Nerve stimulation techniques have provided objective evidence that the diaphragm and abdominal muscles are susceptible to fatigue with heavy, sustained exercise. The fatigue appears to be due to elevated levels of respiratory muscle work combined with an increased competition for blood flow with limb locomotor muscles. When respiratory muscles are prefatigued using voluntary respiratory maneuvers, time to exhaustion during subsequent exercise is decreased. Partially unloading the respiratory muscles during heavy exercise using low-density gas mixtures or mechanical ventilation can prevent exercise-induced diaphragm fatigue and increase exercise time to exhaustion. Collectively, these findings suggest that respiratory muscle fatigue may be involved in limiting exercise tolerance or that other factors, including alterations in the sensation of dyspnea or mechanical load, may be important. The major consequence of respiratory muscle fatigue is an increased sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow to working skeletal muscle through a respiratory muscle metaboreflex, thereby reducing limb blood flow and increasing the severity of exerciseinduced locomotor muscle fatigue. An increase in limb locomotor muscle fatigue may play a pivotal role in determining exercise tolerance through a direct effect on muscle force output and a feedback effect on effort perception, causing reduced motor output to the working limb muscles. respiratory muscles; exercise; diaphragm; abdominals; magnetic stimulation; metaboreflex THE PURPOSE OF THIS MINIREVIEW is to address the question of whether the respiratory demands of exercise contribute significantly toward exercise limitation, either directly through limitations of the respiratory muscle pump or indirectly through effects on limb blood flow and locomotor muscle fatigue. We describe the mechanical and metabolic costs of meeting the ventilatory requirements of exercise. We then ask whether the respiratory muscles fatigue with exercise, what factors contribute to any such fatigue, and what the implications of these factors are for exercise tolerance. Finally, we deal with the potential mechanisms by which respiratory muscle fatigue could compromise exercise tolerance and whether it is possible to overcome this potential respiratory limitation. Our review focuses on the healthy young adult exercising near sea level. However, we also consider special circumstances that determine the balance between metabolic demand and respiratory system capacity in the highly trained endurance ...

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Influence of global inspiratory muscle fatigue on breathing during exercise

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Expiratory muscle fatigue impairs exercise performance

Expiratory muscle fatigue impairs exercise performance

Ventilation and Respiratory Mechanics

Exercise-induced respiratory muscle fatigue: implications for performance

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