Influence of germination on bioactive properties, phytochemicals and mineral contents of Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) tuber and oils

Food Processing Preservation

Zhen

et al. 2022

Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.), native to northeast Africa, belongs to the sedge family (Babiker et al., 2021). It is an important multipurpose crop, its stems and leaves can be used as green feed and knitting materials, and the roots with a fragrant smell are a potential source of essential oils (Duman, 2019;Lasekan, 2013;Ozcan et al., 2021). Tigernut tubers are rich in lipids, proteins, starches, dietary fibers, and vitamins, which are usually applied to develop edible oil, plant milk, and snack food (Clemente-Villalba et al., 2021;Oluwajuyitan & Ijarotimi, 2019).The extraction and physicochemical characterization of tigernut tuber oil have been widely reported (Aljuhaimi, Ghafoor, et al., 2018; Aljuhaimi, Simsek, & Ozcan, 2018). But there are few types of research on tigernut tuber starch (TTS). Manek et al. found that TTS conformed well to United States Pharmacopeia and could be employed as a binder for the production of metronidazole tablets (Manek et al., 2012). It was found that the freeze-thaw stability of TTS was higher than that of potato starch (PS), but its paste clarity was lower (Jing et al., 2012). Neto et al. evaluated the physicochemical properties of TTS and modified it with octenyl succinic anhydride, which improved the resistance of TTS to temperature (Neto et al., 2018). Liu et al. isolated TTS from tigernut tuber meals and cakes remaining after oil extraction and found that the various oil extraction methods had different influences on the ordered structure of starch granules, resulting in the change of functional properties of TTS (Liu et al., 2019). In this study, the preparation, composition, granule morphology, crystal structure, pasting properties, functional properties, and gel properties of tigernut tuber starch (TTS) were systematically investigated. The feasibility of TTS to replace wheat flour (WF) in steamed bread production was also evaluated.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Physicochemical properties of tigernut ( Cyperus esculentus ) tuber starch and its application in steamed bread

Food Processing Preservation

Zhen

et al. 2022

“…Additionally, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents had a highly significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) with antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS) scavenging ability, which could further explain their similar change trend of decrease-to-increase during germination ( € Ozcan et al, 2021). The similar tendencies were due to the singlet oxygen quenching and free-radicalscavenging properties of phenolic compounds (Shirvani et al, 2016).…”

Section: Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Changes in the physicochemical characteristics and lipid concomitant of rapeseed oil during germination

et al. 2023

Int J of Food Sci Tech

Summary This study aimed at determining the changes in physicochemical characteristics and lipid concomitant of rapeseed oil during germination. Rapeseeds of two varieties, namely Shanyou 28 (Sy 28) and Qinyou 10 (Qy 10), were germinated. Oil was obtained by roasting, pressing and moderate refinement. The germination of 12–48 h led to a reduction in acid value, and 24–72 h led to a decrease in peroxide value. α‐Tocopherol content increased consistently throughout the entire period, increasing to 2.96‐ and 2.50‐fold at the end of germination. In the germination process of 36–72 h, β‐sitosterol, campesterol and brassicasterol content increased gradually. At 72 h, the total phytosterol content rose modestly (1884.02–2071.55 and 1743.96–2691.72 mg kg−1). Carotenoid content increased dramatically (5.81–12.68 and 2.54–12.35 mg kg−1). An increase occurred in unsaturated fatty acids from 24 to 72 h, whereas saturated fatty acids decreased. These findings indicated that germination enhanced α‐tocopherol, phytosterol and carotenoid, as well as the fatty acid composition, thereby improving the nutritional value and edible quality of oil. Among various constituents, α‐tocopherol in oil could be considered as a reference marker to distinguish the germination stage and estimate the nutritional value of rapeseed oil.

“…Cl nutrient (e.g., TN and TK) accumulation in tubers (Figure 1D, F). Tubers are a key reproductive organ of C. esculentus and its nutrient content determines the initial conditions of germination (Ozcan et al, 2021). Nutrient allocation to reproductive organs is an important stress adaptation strategy to increase the survival of offspring (Coello and Martinez-Barajas, 2016).…”

Section: Mowing Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have proved that pH can not only change the decomposition process of SOM and nutrient availability, but also directly affect the reaction rates of enzymes associated with biochemical reactions and soil microbial activities, thus it can regulate crop growth by affecting soil properties (Dick et al, 2000;Guo et al, 2010). The soil AK and sodium ion content are less, resulting in a relative excess of soil H + , leading to soil acidification (Dick et al, 2000;Ozcan et al, 2021). However, RC changed the soil pH value, making the soil TN, soil TP, soil TK, and soil available nutrients variation significantly, which affected the accumulation of nutrients and nutritional quality of the leaf and tuber (Guo et al, 2010).…”

Section: Relationship Between Plant Nutrient Content and Forage Nutri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different tillage systems and mowing time on nutrient accumulation and forage nutritive value of Cyperus esculentus

Chai

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

Revealing the complex relationships between management practices, crop growth, forage nutritive value and soil quality will facilitate the development of more sustainable agricultural and livestock production systems. Cyperus esculentus is known as the king of oil crops and high-quality forage. However, there is little information about the effects of different planting modes {continuous cropping (CC)/rotation cropping (RC)} and initial mowing time on the plant nutrient accumulation and forage nutritive value. Here, in a field experiment, we designed two planting patterns, C. esculentus CC and C. esculentus - wheat RC. The leaves, tubers, roots, and soil samples were collected at three mowing time (on the 78th, 101th, and 124th days after seed sowing). Results revealed that RC significantly increased the total nitrogen (TN) and potassium (TK) content of the tuber (p<0.05), while significantly decreased the TN, total phosphorus (TP), crude protein (CP), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of the leaves. Under the CC pattern, the TN, TP, and TK content of roots increased significantly on the 78th days after seed sowing, and the TK content of tubers increased significantly. Under the RC pattern, the ether extract (EE) content of tubers increased significantly on the 124th days after seed sowing, while the CP and TN content of leaves decreased significantly. Correlation analysis showed that soil pH was negatively correlated with TN content in leaves, tubers, and roots. The structural equation model showed that the soil pH directly affected the plant nutrient accumulation and forage nutritive value (β=0.68) via regulating these properties by changing soil available nutrients, anions, cations, and total nutrients. Overall, we propose that RC for C. esculentus-wheat is should not be recommended to maximize tubers and forage yield.