Influence of genotype and feeding strategy on pig performance, plasma concentrations of micro nutrients, immune responses and faecal microbiota composition of growing-finishing pigs in a forage-based system

Kongsted, Anne Grete; Nørgaard, J.V.; Jensen, Søren Krogh; Lauridsen, Charlotte; Juul‐Madsen, Helle R.; Norup, Liselotte R.; Engberg, Ricarda M.; Horsted, K.; Hermansen, John E.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2015.06.010

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Due to these important implications, several investigations of the microbiota are nowadays carried out on humans and other animal models, in the attempt to elucidate the onset mechanisms of impactful pathological conditions such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis and many others [ 3 , 4 ]. In the recent years, animal scientists started to perform in-depth microbiota investigations for the optimisation of the animal husbandry strategies as well as the improvement of animal’s health status [ 2 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary changes in nutritional studies shape the structural and functional composition of the pigs’ fecal microbiome—from days to weeks

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe possible impact of changes in diet composition on the intestinal microbiome is mostly studied after some days of adaptation to the diet of interest. The question arises if a few days are enough to reflect the microbial response to the diet by changing the community composition and function. The present study investigated the fecal microbiome of pigs during a time span of 4 weeks after a dietary change to obtain insights regarding the time required for adaptation. Four different diets were used differing in either protein source (field peas meal vs. soybean meal) or the concentration of calcium and phosphorus (CaP).ResultsTwelve pigs were sampled at seven time points within 4 weeks after the dietary change. Fecal samples were used to sequence the 16S rRNA gene amplicons to analyse microbial proteins via LC-MS/MS and to determine the SCFA production. The analysis of OTU abundances and quantification values of proteins showed a significant separation of three periods of time (p = 0.001). Samples from the first day are used to define the ‘zero period’; samples of weeks 1 and 2 are combined as ‘metabolic period’ and an ‘equilibrium period was defined based on samples from weeks 3 and 4. Only in this last period, a separation according to the supplementation of CaP was significantly detectable (p = 0.001). No changes were found based on the corn-soybean meal or corn-field peas administration. The analysis of possible factors causing this significant separation showed only an overall change of bacterial members and functional properties. The metaproteomic approach yielded a total of about 9700 proteins, which were used to deduce possible metabolic functions of the bacterial community.ConclusionsA gradual taxonomic and functional rearrangement of the bacterial community has been depicted after a change of diet composition. The adaptation lasts several weeks despite the usually assumed time span of several days. The obtained knowledge is of a great importance for the design of future nutritional studies. Moreover, considering the high similarities between the porcine and human gastrointestinal tract anatomy and physiology, the findings of the current study might imply in the design of human-related nutritional studies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-017-0362-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary changes in nutritional studies shape the structural and functional composition of the pigs’ fecal microbiome—from days to weeks

et al. 2017

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“…Higher dry matter intake is expected in pasture-based pigs (15% more than indoor-managed pigs) to balance the increased energy requirements (for thermoregulation and exercise) [ 62 , 63 ]. Therefore, feed disappearance values registered in this study (2.01 and 1.86 kg pig d −1 for winter and summer, respectively) could seem low when compared with intake values recorded by other researchers, suggesting that tall fescue could have made a contribution to the nutrition of the pigs [ 63 , 64 ]. Intake of forages in grazing pigs represents between 10 and 20% of the total dry matter (DM) intake [ 65 , 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Stocking Methods for Pasture-Based Growing-Finishing Pig Production Systems

Pietrosemoli

Green

Villamide

2020

Animals

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Two alternative stocking methods (rotational and strip-grazing) were compared to continuous stocking at a stocking rate of 47 pigs ha−1 in tall fescue pastures. The research was conducted during two twelve-weeks grazing periods in North Carolina (USA). In total 144 (females and castrated males, 17.5 and 29.1 kg initial body weight) crossbred Yorkshire X Berkshire, Yorkshire/Landrace X Hampshire and Yorkshire/Landrace X Duroc pigs without nose rings were used. Greater soil bulk density and soil concentrations of NO3−, P, K, Mn, Zn and Cu were observed in paddocks managed continuously, while greater final ground cover (+22%) was recorded in paddocks managed with rotational and strip-grazing stocking methods. No differences were detected in botanical composition of the paddocks. Greater weight gains (+8.5%) were registered for rotationally managed pigs. Feed efficiency was better (+8%) for rotationally than for continuously stocked pigs, while strip-grazed pigs presented intermediate values. The results indicated the potential of both alternative stocking methods to be implemented in sustainable pasture-based pig production systems.

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“…Traditional pig breeds are well adapted to local environmental conditions including climate, diseases, parasites, and available feedstuff (forages, acorns, chestnuts, birds, small mammals, and soil fauna); thus, becoming a good option for pasture systems, either as pure breeds or in crossbreeding programs [115,116]. Grazing behavior of pigs resulting from crosses of (Landrace × Yorkshire) sows with boars of the traditional breed, Tamworth, grazed more than the progeny of sows of the same genotype with boars of the improved Duroc breed.…”

Section: Animal Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Welfare and Production Challenges Associated with Pasture Pig Systems: A Review

Pietrosemoli

Tang

2020

Agriculture

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A review of published literature was conducted to identify pasture pig production system features that pose risks to animal welfare, and to develop recommendations aimed at improving the wellbeing of the animals managed in those systems. Pasture pig production systems present specific challenges to animal welfare that are inherent to the nature of these systems where producers have little room to make improvements. However, these systems present other challenges that could be reduced with a carefully designed system, by adopting appropriate management strategies and by avoiding management practices that are likely to negatively affect animal wellbeing. In pasture pig production systems, exposure to extreme temperatures, potential contact with wildlife and pathogens (especially parasites), vulnerability to predators, risk of malnutrition, pre-weaning piglet mortality, complexity of processes for monitoring and treating sick animals, and for cleaning and disinfection of facilities and equipment are among the main threats to animal welfare.

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Influence of genotype and feeding strategy on pig performance, plasma concentrations of micro nutrients, immune responses and faecal microbiota composition of growing-finishing pigs in a forage-based system

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Dietary changes in nutritional studies shape the structural and functional composition of the pigs’ fecal microbiome—from days to weeks

Dietary changes in nutritional studies shape the structural and functional composition of the pigs’ fecal microbiome—from days to weeks

A Comparison of Stocking Methods for Pasture-Based Growing-Finishing Pig Production Systems

Animal Welfare and Production Challenges Associated with Pasture Pig Systems: A Review

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