Influence of Gas-Injector Geometry on Atomization Performance of Aerated-Liquid Nozzles

Atomization of PEO aqueous solutions in effervescent atomizers

“…Effervescent atomization is a method of twin-fluid atomization that involves bubbling a small amount of gas into the liquid before it is ejected from the atomizer (Lefebvre, 1989;Petersen, 2004;Petersen et al, 2004). The technique of bubbling gas directly into the liquid stream inside the atomizer body is essentially different from other methods of twin-fluid atomization (either internal or external mixing) and leads to significant improvements in performance in terms of smaller drop sizes and/or lower injection pressures.…”

Modeling on effervescent atomization: A review

“…Based on the advantages mentioned, effervescent atomization has been widely used in gas turbine combustors [5][6][7], IC engines [8,9], furnaces and boilers [10,11], incineration [12], spray deposition [13], and powder formation [14][15][16]. Recently the effervescent atomization method has been successfully applied in pharmaceutical coating [17,18] and suspension plasma spray [19].…”

“…The diagnostic measurements have made a significant contribution to the development of effervescent atomization technology in the last two decades. As a result of the experimental approach, the basic phenomena and critical parameters involved in effervescent atomization have been indicated and the applications of effervescent atomization technology have been widely extended [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Sojka and his colleges conducted abundant detailed experimental and analytical investigations concerning effervescent atomizer performances.…”

“…Their findings are: parametric investigation of spray characteristics, including drop size and velocity distributions [12], spray cone angle [21], spray momentum rate [15], pattern [20] and entrainment [15]. Their studies cover detailed measurements and discussion of the influences of injection pressure [9,22], atomizing gas-to-liquid ratio [21], liquid physical properties [16,23], atomizer gas properties [14] on atomization performance, analytical studies on fundamentals of fluid breakup mechanism [16,23] and the use of effervescent atomization in new areas [5][6][7][8][9]. Liu et al [24][25][26] also conducted abundant experimental studies on this topic which include the analysis of flow flux characteristics, proposing the critical equation of liquid flow ratio closed to the nozzle, the distribution of droplet size along both the axial and the radial directions and the energy analysis of atomization process.…”

Trends in Comprehensive Modeling of Spray Formation

“…Of all the flow and geometry parameters, ALR has the most significant effect on determining the droplet size [77,78]. The atomizer performance is somewhat insensitive to exit orifice size [79] and smaller drop size is obtained with low length-to-diameter ratio of the exit orifice [74]. Detailed reviews on effervescent atomization are provided by Konstantinov et al [72] and Kim and Lee [75].…”