Influence of Fuel Composition on Exhaust Emissions of a DISI Engine during Catalyst Heating Operation

Dageförde, Helge; Koch, Thomas; Beck, Kai W.; Spicher, Ulrich

doi:10.4271/2013-01-2571

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…To reduce the exhaust gas emissions and especially the PN emissions, Dageförde et al investigated different fuels and fuel blends at catalyst heating operation [26]. The results obtained by Dageförde et al support the findings of Aikawa et al and Leach et al, as the PN emissions could be reduced by operating the engine with biogenic fuel blends (gasoline blended with ethanol and butanol) as well as with alkylate fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Effect of implementing large-scale charge motion, reducing hydraulic flow of the injector and increasing injection pressure on particle emissions of a GDI engine at WOT and boosted operation

Bertsch

Weidenlener

Dörnhöfer

et al. 2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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Gasoline direct injection (GDI) shows advantages compared with port fuel injection (PFI) regarding efficiency and specific power. Due to stricter regulations for fuel consumption (via the regulation of carbon dioxide), GDI engines are becoming increasingly favourable compared with PFI engines. Therefore the share of GDI engines, especially in combination with turbocharging, is increasing in most of the markets with CO 2 regulations. Challenging for GDI engines is the mixture formation process due to the short time between fuel injection and the start of combustion. Thus, the injector needs to provide a fine fuel atomization in a considerably short time. The generated spray pattern thereby interacts with the in-cylinder charge motion to generate an appropriate air-fuel mixture. Because of this challenging mixture formation process, the formation of soot in local fuel-rich areas is possible. Thus GDI engines emit more particles compared with PFI engines and need special attention on the mixture formation process. To understand the reasons for the increased particle number (PN) emissions, a project concerning the cause of particle emissions was started at Institute of Internal Combustion Engines (IFKM) in Karlsruhe in 2011. During the project, different causes for PN emissions were identified. This article discusses the possible reasons for particle emissions under high engine load and low engine speed and shows some possible solutions to reduce the emission of particles. Discussed possible solutions to enhance the mixture formation process are the generation of a large-scale charge motion (tumble and swirl), the reduction of the hydraulic flow of the multi-hole, solenoid-activated injector and an increase of the rail pressure up to 50 MPa. The reduction of the hydraulic flow and the increase of the injection pressure lead to smaller average droplets and thus to a faster evaporation. An implementation of a large-scale charge motion enhances the mixture formation process and leads to a reduction of the emitted PN concentration at high engine load. This is shown for wide open throttle (WOT) as well as for boosted operation. The reduction of the hydraulic flow of the injector by reducing the bore hole diameter at constant number of holes and spray targeting of the injector leads to smaller droplets. By increasing the injection pressure, the injection duration as well as the average droplet size can be reduced and leads to a better homogenization and a further reduced PN concentration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The test bench at the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines (IFKM) at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is equipped with several measurement devices, as shown in [26,[37][38][39]: a Pierburg PLU 401 is used to measure the fuel consumption. The exhaust A/F ratio is measured using an ETAS LA4 Lambda Meter.…”

Section: Test Bench Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of implementing large-scale charge motion, reducing hydraulic flow of the injector and increasing injection pressure on particle emissions of a GDI engine at WOT and boosted operation

Bertsch

Weidenlener

Dörnhöfer

et al. 2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Zyklen sind auch bei Injektor G Wandfilme detektierbar, was in Abbildung A 20. im Anhang eingesehen werden kann.…”

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Untersuchung der innermotorischen Einflussgrößen auf die Partikelemission eines Ottomotors mit Saugrohreinspritzung

Schück¹

2021

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This research work comprises experiments intending to understand the particulate formation mechanisms of spark ignition (SI) engines with port fuel injection (PFI) as well as the analysis of measures to enhance the mixture formation process in order to reduce particulate number emissions (PN). Basic investigations were performed in an evaporation box, which was designed in the shape of a real intake port. This way not only the evaporation characteristics of different sprays but also the spay-wallinteraction could be evaluated. It is known that fuel wall films are a major source for particulate formation. High-speed images were acquired to analyse and minimize wall fuel films within the combustion chamber of a motored transparent engine using a glass cylinder. This way wall fuel films could be visualized and quantified by means of their surface area. A number of different parameters influencing the emission of PN was investigated on a four-cylinder research engine, which is optically accessible through endoscopes in both the combustion chamber as well as the intake manifold.

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Untersuchungen der Hochfrequenz-Zündung bei unterschiedlichen Ladungsbewegungen und Ventilsteuerzeiten an einem aufgeladenen Ottomotor mit Direkteinspritzung

Bertsch

Hampe²,

Koch

et al. 2015

Proceedings

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Influence of Fuel Composition on Exhaust Emissions of a DISI Engine during Catalyst Heating Operation

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of implementing large-scale charge motion, reducing hydraulic flow of the injector and increasing injection pressure on particle emissions of a GDI engine at WOT and boosted operation

Effect of implementing large-scale charge motion, reducing hydraulic flow of the injector and increasing injection pressure on particle emissions of a GDI engine at WOT and boosted operation

Untersuchung der innermotorischen Einflussgrößen auf die Partikelemission eines Ottomotors mit Saugrohreinspritzung

Untersuchungen der Hochfrequenz-Zündung bei unterschiedlichen Ladungsbewegungen und Ventilsteuerzeiten an einem aufgeladenen Ottomotor mit Direkteinspritzung

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