Influence of foreign salts on the CaCO<sub>3</sub> pre-nucleation stage: application of the conductometric method

Landfill leachate, because of its complex components, may cause pipe clogging during its collection and transportation, and pose a threat to the environment. This study considers two typical drainage pipe materials, i.e., polypropylene-random (PPR) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), to discriminate their anti-scaling performances through a landfill leachate immersion experiment. The results show that both PPR and ABS pipe materials immersed in the younger-aged leachate are prone to scaling. The mass concentrations of Ca2+ in the leachate play a key role in scale formation, followed by Mg2+, pH, oxidation–reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), and Cl−. In particular, Ca2+, pH, and DO show a positive relationship in scaling, while Mg2+ acts in a negative relationship. Calcium carbonate is the major constituent of the scales, accounting for 72.3% of the total. The scaling on the surface of the PPR pipe material is more serious than that of the ABS pipe material, revealed by the corresponding weight increment that is 33% higher than that related to ABS during the experimental period. It is thus indicated that ABS has better anti-scaling performance, which may be an optional material selected for the system design of leachate collection and transportation.

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Influence of Foreign Salts and Antiscalants on Calcium Carbonate Crystallization

Hamdi

Tlili

2023

Crystals

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For more than a century, crystallization has remained a chief research topic. One of the most undesirable crystallization phenomena is the formation of calcium carbonate scale in drinking and industrial water systems. In this work, the influence of chemical additives on CaCO3 formation—in either nucleation, crystal growth, or inhibition processes—is investigated by using the CO2-degasification method. Chemical additives are foreign salts (MgCl2, Na2SO4 and MgSO4) to the calco-carbonic system and antiscalants (sodium polyacrylate ‘RPI’ and sodium-tripolyphosphate ‘STPP’). The results show that additives affects both crystallization kinetics and the CaCO3 microstructure. Sulfate and magnesium ions, added separately at constant ionic strength, influence the nucleation step more than the growth of the formed crystallites. Added simultaneously, their effect was accentuated on both nucleation and the growth of CaCO3. Furthermore, antiscalants RPI and STPP affect the crystallization process by greatly delaying the precipitation time and largely increasing the supersaturation coefficient. It was also shown that the calco-carbonic system with additives prefers the heterogeneous nucleation to the homogeneous one. X-ray diffraction patterns show that additives promote the formation of a new crystal polymorph of calcium carbonate as aragonite, in addition to the initial polymorphs formed as calcite and vaterite.

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Influence of foreign salts on the CaCO₃ pre-nucleation stage: application of the conductometric method

Abstract: Calcium carbonate crystallization process has been studied for more than a century. Nevertheless, little is known about the early stages of nucleation since the in situ observations are difficult at...

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Co-removal and recycling of Ba2+ and Ca2+ in hypersaline wastewater based on the microbially induced carbonate precipitation technique: Overlooked Ba2+ in extracellular and intracellular vaterite

Co-removal and recycling of Ba2+ and Ca2+ in hypersaline wastewater based on the microbially induced carbonate precipitation technique: Overlooked Ba2+ in extracellular and intracellular vaterite

Anti-scaling performances of different aged landfill leachates on PPR and ABS pipe materials

Influence of Foreign Salts and Antiscalants on Calcium Carbonate Crystallization

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Influence of foreign salts on the CaCO3 pre-nucleation stage: application of the conductometric method

Abstract: Calcium carbonate crystallization process has been studied for more than a century. Nevertheless, little is known about the early stages of nucleation since the in situ observations are difficult at...

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Co-removal and recycling of Ba2+ and Ca2+ in hypersaline wastewater based on the microbially induced carbonate precipitation technique: Overlooked Ba2+ in extracellular and intracellular vaterite

Co-removal and recycling of Ba2+ and Ca2+ in hypersaline wastewater based on the microbially induced carbonate precipitation technique: Overlooked Ba2+ in extracellular and intracellular vaterite

Anti-scaling performances of different aged landfill leachates on PPR and ABS pipe materials

Influence of Foreign Salts and Antiscalants on Calcium Carbonate Crystallization

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Influence of foreign salts on the CaCO₃ pre-nucleation stage: application of the conductometric method