Influence of food web structure on the biochemical composition of seston, zooplankton and recently deposited sediment in experimental freshwater mesocosms

Allard, Bruno; Danger, Michaël; Ten-Hage, Loı̈c; Lacroix, Gérard

doi:10.1007/s00027-010-0165-4

Cited by 10 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…As such, the data should be considered to be qualitative. The chemical analysis of the free lipids extracted from seston (0.7-50 lm fraction) and zooplankton fractions (Allard et al, 2011) indicated that seston and zooplankton compartments were adequately separated by our screening size.…”

Section: Free Lipid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of food-web structure on the quantity and the elemental quality of sedimenting material in shallow lakes

Danger¹,

Allard

Arnous

et al. 2011

Hydrobiologia

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Sedimentation is a key process in lake functioning, and plays an important role in nutrient and carbon cycles at both regional and global scales. Several biological processes have been shown as quantitatively affecting sedimentation, but very few works have tried to relate the structure of aquatic communities and the quality of sinking organic matter. We tested in a mesocosm study how food-web structure affects quantitatively and qualitatively sedimentation in eutrophic systems. We carried out a long-term experiment (14 months) in large replicated enclosures either dominated by planktivorous fish or fishless. Food-web structure modified the specific composition of zooplankton communities and phytoplankton biomass, as expected by the trophic cascade theory. Planktivorous fish had a strong positive effect on gross sedimentation rate, but the fraction of suspended particulate material that sank only slightly differed between treatments. The density of Handling editor: Karl E. Havens M. Danger (

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Section: Free Lipid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of food-web structure on the quantity and the elemental quality of sedimenting material in shallow lakes

Danger¹,

Allard

Arnous

et al. 2011

Hydrobiologia

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“…Lipids containing sterols were isolated and analysed as previously described (Allard et al, 2011). Lipids containing sterols were isolated and analysed as previously described (Allard et al, 2011).…”

Section: Lipid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These authors first confirmed that sedimentation rates were higher in fish enclosures than in fishless ones. Moreover, Allard et al (2011) showed that the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher in RDS from fish enclosures than in RDS from fishless ones. In fish-dominated mesocosms, where zooplankton grazing on phytoplankton was low, sediment N ⁄ P ratio was positively correlated to seston N ⁄ P ratio, suggesting a major contribution of seston to sedimentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By manipulating the presence of planktivorous fish, they modified the specific composition of zooplankton communities and the phytoplankton biomass (increase in Daphniidae and decrease in phytoplankton biomass in fishless mesocosms). In the same experiment, Allard et al (2011) compared the lipid composition of seston, zooplankton and RDS in fish and fishless mesocosms. They also showed that food-web structure influenced the elemental and biochemical compositions of recently deposited sediment (RDS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also showed that food-web structure influenced the elemental and biochemical compositions of recently deposited sediment (RDS). The differences in the relative amounts of labile compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (Allard et al, 2011) or proteins and sugars (Danger et al, 2012) observed between fish treatments led these authors to suggest that biomanipulations might affect the biodegradability of sedimented organic matter (SOM). In contrast, in fishless mesocosms, dominated by a high grazing activity, a negative relationship between N ⁄ P ratios of sediment and zooplankton was found, suggesting that sedimentation was mainly derived from zooplankton egesta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of food‐web structure on the biodegradability of lake sediment

et al. 2012

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Summary 1. Sediment plays a key role in internal nutrient cycling and eutrophication in lakes. However, studies focusing on the efficiency of the biomanipulation techniques for improving the control of primary producers have rarely examined the effects of changes in food‐web structure on the sediment biochemical composition and biodegradability. 2. In a 1‐year experiment conducted in large replicated mesocosms, we tested how the absence or presence of a zooplanktivorous fish (roach, Rutilus rutilus) affected the elemental composition and the potential biodegradability of recently deposited sediment in a eutrophic system. The potential biodegradability of these sediments was assessed in laboratory microcosms by measuring the production of CO2 during 44‐day incubations. 3. The potential biodegradability of recently deposited sediment from the fish treatment was 60% higher than that from the fishless treatment. This higher biodegradability was corroborated by a higher annual loss of sediment in fish enclosures (36%) than in fishless ones (16%). Annual losses of carbon, nitrogen and organic phosphorous were higher for sediment from fish enclosures. 4. Carbon and nitrogen contents of sediment were higher for the fish treatment. In contrast, the sediment C/N ratio, one of the proxies used to estimate sediment biodegradability, did not differ between treatments. No relationship was observed between elemental composition of sediment and its potential biodegradability. This latter appeared to be more probably dependent on the biochemical composition of the sediment and especially on the content of labile compounds such as proteins, sugars and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The use of sterols as biomarkers revealed an important degradation by microorganisms of 1‐year‐old sediment from both fish and fishless treatments. 5. Our results revealed that fish biomanipulations might favour clear water states not only through a stronger top–down control on phytoplankton but also through a lower biodegradability of sediment reducing internal nutrient cycling.

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Distinctive Lipid Composition of the Copepod Limnocalanus macrurus with a High Abundance of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Hiltunen

Strandberg

Keinänen

et al. 2014

Lipids

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We studied the copepod Limnocalanus macrurus for seasonal variation in the composition of fatty acids, wax esters and sterols in large boreal lakes, where it occurs as a glacial-relict. Vast wax ester reserves of Limnocalanus were accumulated in a period of only two months, and comprised mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and saturated fatty alcohols. In winter, the mobilization of wax esters was selective, and the proportion of long-chain polyunsaturated wax esters declined first. PUFA accounted for >50% of all fatty acids throughout the year reaching up to ca. 65% during late summer and fall. Long-chain PUFA 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 together comprised 17-40% of all fatty acids. The rarely reported C24 and C26 very-long-chain PUFA (VLC-PUFA) comprised 6.2 ± 3.4 % of all fatty acids in August and 2.1 ± 1.7% in September. The VLC-PUFA are presumably synthesized by Limnocalanus from shorter chain-length precursors because they were not found in the potential food sources. We hypothesize that these VLC-PUFA help Limnocalanus to maximize lipid reserves when food is abundant. Sterol content of Limnocalanus, consisting ca. 90% of cholesterol, did not show great seasonal variation. As a lipid-rich copepod with high abundance of PUFA, Limnocalanus is excellent quality food for fish. The VLC-PUFA were also detected in planktivorous fish, suggesting that these compounds can be used as a trophic marker indicating feeding on Limnocalanus.

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Influence of food web structure on the biochemical composition of seston, zooplankton and recently deposited sediment in experimental freshwater mesocosms

Cited by 10 publications

References 66 publications

Effects of food-web structure on the quantity and the elemental quality of sedimenting material in shallow lakes

Effects of food-web structure on the quantity and the elemental quality of sedimenting material in shallow lakes

Influence of food‐web structure on the biodegradability of lake sediment

Distinctive Lipid Composition of the Copepod Limnocalanus macrurus with a High Abundance of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

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