Influence of food consistency and dental extractions on the rat mandibular condyle: a morphological, histological and immunohistochemical study

Endo, Y; Mizutani, Hideki; Yasue, Kazuki; Senga, Katsuhiro

doi:10.1016/s1010-5182(98)80011-5

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There is recent evidence from studies involving training monkeys and humans in a novel tongue task that the primate face-M1 can undergo neuroplastic changes in association with alterations in oral motor behavior and be modelled in a specific use-dependent manner (Boudreau et al, 2007;Sessle et al, 2005Sessle et al, , 2007Svensson et al, 2006), consistent with findings of limb-M1 reorganization when rats and monkeys are trained in a skilled limb motor task (Nudo et al, 1996;Remple et al, 2001). Furthermore, modifications to the dental occlusion in humans and ro-dents induced by dental extraction or trimming can affect muscle activities and patterns of jaw movements (Endo et al, 1998;Hannam et al, 1977;Miehe et al, 1999;Proschel and Hofmann, 1988). Adapting to an altered pattern of mastication conceivably requires repetition of the novel motor movements, which may be somewhat analogous to learning a novel motor skill (Adams, 1984) and could therefore have contributed to the observed face-M1 (and face-S1) neuroplasticity manifested as an increased RAD motor representation within face-M1 (and face-S1).…”

Section: Neuroplasticity Associated With Altered Somatosensory Inputssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Changes in motor representations may also occur in that part of face-M1 representing the tongue following the training of humans and monkeys in a novel tongueprotrusion task (Boudreau et al, 2007;Sessle et al, 2007;Svensson et al, 2006). Although these studies suggest that face-M1 has the capacity to undergo neuroplastic changes and be remodelled throughout life, very few studies have tested for possible neuroplastic changes within face-M1 following intraoral manipulations Sessle et al, 2005Sessle et al, , 2007, and no study has addressed whether loss of teeth induces neuroplastic changes in the ICMS-defined features of face-M1, despite tooth extraction or loss of teeth for other reasons (e.g., trauma) being a common occurrence in humans and animals that may be associated with changes in sensorimotor behaviors (Endo et al, 1998;Hannam et al, 1977;Miehe et al, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of incisor extraction on jaw and tongue motor representations within face sensorimotor cortex of adult rats

Avivi‐Arber

Lee

Sessle

2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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Loss of teeth is associated with changes in somatosensory inputs and altered patterns of mastication, but it is unclear whether tooth loss is associated with changes in motor representations within face sensorimotor cortex of rats. We used intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) and recordings of cortically evoked muscle electromyographic (EMG) activities to test whether changes occur in the ICMS-defined motor representations of the left and right jaw muscles [masseter, anterior digastric (LAD, RAD)] and tongue muscle [genioglossus (GG)] within the cytoarchitectonically defined face primary motor cortex (face-M1) and adjacent face primary somatosensory cortex (face-S1) 1 week following extraction of the right mandibular incisor in anesthetized (ketamine-HCl) adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Under local and general anesthesia, an "extraction" group (n = 8) received mucoalveolar bone surgery and extraction of the mandibular right incisor. A "sham-extraction" group (n = 6) received surgery with no extraction. A "naive" group (n = 6) had neither surgery nor extraction. Data were compared by using mixed-model repeated-measures ANOVA. Dental extraction was associated with a significantly increased number of sites within face-M1 and face-S1 from which ICMS evoked RAD EMG activities, a lateral shift of the RAD and LAD centers of gravity within face-M1, shorter onset latencies of ICMS-evoked GG activities within face-M1 and face-S1, and an increased number of sites within face-M1 from which ICMS simultaneously evoked RAD and GG activities. Our novel findings suggest that dental extraction may be associated with significant neuroplastic changes within the rat's face-M1 and adjacent face-S1 that may be related to the animal's ability to adapt to the altered oral state.

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Section: Neuroplasticity Associated With Altered Somatosensory Inputssupporting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of incisor extraction on jaw and tongue motor representations within face sensorimotor cortex of adult rats

Avivi‐Arber

Lee

Sessle

2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Mandibular length was similarly affected on both sides in rats submitted to unilateral tooth extraction. Thus, the belief that a greater increase in mechanical forces takes place on the extracted side and is followed by hypogrowth restrained to the same side 14 was not confirmed. Also, the inhibition of mandibular growth observed in this study was not related to the surgical procedure or the bone metabolism around the extraction site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…9,11,14 In this study, the sample was composed solely of female rats because this gender seems more prone to condylar cartilage remodeling due to occlusal alteration. 9 Rats were followed from 5 up to 13 weeks old, spanning the transition from early puberty (5 weeks) to young adulthood (9 weeks).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of loss of occlusal support on mandibular morphology in growing rats

Farias-Neto

Martins

Rizzatti-Barbosa

2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To evaluate the effects of unilateral and bilateral premature loss of posterior occlusal support on mandibular bone dimensions in growing rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty female Wistar rats (5 weeks old) were randomized into three groups: control, unilateral mandibular molar teeth extraction, and bilateral mandibular molar teeth extraction. After 8 weeks, animals were sacrificed and acrylic rapid-prototyped templates of the mandibles were constructed. Mandibular length, ramus height, intercondylar distance, and body weight were measured and analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (Tukey test as post hoc test; a 5 .05). Results: Mandibular length and intercondylar distance were significantly shorter in experimental animals, while no difference was observed for ramus height and body weight. Conclusions: Unilateral and bilateral premature loss of posterior occlusal support in growing rats results in a smaller mandible at skeletal maturity. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:242-246.)

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“…Some experiments led to a modification in the morphology of the jaw. Osteosclerotic changes or a thinning of cartilage on the mandibular condyle were also observed [3,6,7]. Some other animal studies, reported several types of occlusal changes with effects on the masticatory muscles [6,9].…”

Section: Volumetric and Morphologic Changes Due To Effect Of Unilatermentioning

confidence: 91%

Volumetric and morphologic changes due to effect of unilateral extraction of teeth

Kürkçüoğlu

Pelin

2016

MMJ

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Objective: Chewing includes the rhythmic movement of the jaw muscles. In this study, we investigated volumetric changes in the masticatory muscles and morphometric changes in the mandibular condyle due to unilateral extraction of the teeth in the sixth and twelfth weeks of life. Materials and Methods:Eighteen rats were used. The rats were divided into three groups. In the experimental groups (Groups I and II), all of the teeth on one side of the upper and lower jaws of the rats were extracted. In the control group all the teeth were intact. Volumetric changes of the masseter and temporal muscles were evaluated. In addition, morphometric changes of the mandibular condyle were investigated. Results:The measurements performed six weeks after tooth extraction did not reveal any difference in the temporal muscles between the two sides, however the volume of the masseter muscle on the side of the extraction was significantly reduced (Group I). Twelve weeks after the tooth extraction, the volumes of the masseter and temporal muscles showed significant reduction on the side of the extraction (Group II). A morphometric reduction in the mandibular condyle was observed in the longer period of time. No asymmetry was observed either for muscular volumes or for mandibular condyle dimensions in the control group. Conclusion:Unilateral tooth loss may cause volumetric reduction in the masseter and temporal muscles ipsilaterally. However, the cause of the morphometric reduction in the mandibular condyle on the contralateral side in the longer period of time is surprising. Bulgular: Diş çekimi sonrası altıncı haftada m. temporalis volümünde her iki taraf arasında bir farklılık gözlenmezken, diş çekimi yapılan tarafta m. masseter volümü diğer tarafa göre anlamlı derecede azalmıştır (Grup I). Diş çekimi sonrası onikinci haftada, diş çekimi yapılan tarafta her iki kas volümünde azalma gözlenmiştir (Grup II). Ayrıca, Grup II'de tek taraflı diş kaybının, karşı tarafta condylus mandibula boyutlarında azalmaya neden olduğu gözlenmiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise her iki kas volümlerinde ve condylus mandibula boyutlarında iki taraf arasında fark gözlenmemiştir.Sonuç: Tek taraflı diş kaybı, uzun zaman süreci içerisinde aynı tarafta m. masseter ve m. temporalis volumünde azalmaya neden olur. Ayrıca, aynı grupta, tek taraflı diş kaybının nedeni karşı tarafta condylus mandibula boyutlarında azalmaya neden olması şaşırtıcıdır.

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Influence of food consistency and dental extractions on the rat mandibular condyle: a morphological, histological and immunohistochemical study

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of incisor extraction on jaw and tongue motor representations within face sensorimotor cortex of adult rats

Effects of incisor extraction on jaw and tongue motor representations within face sensorimotor cortex of adult rats

The effect of loss of occlusal support on mandibular morphology in growing rats

Volumetric and morphologic changes due to effect of unilateral extraction of teeth

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