Influence of follower load application on moment-rotation parameters and intradiscal pressure in the cervical spine

Bell, Kevin; Yan, Yongping; Hartman, Robert A.; Lee, Joon Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.05.031

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This result is similar to a previous study by Ng et al, who found similar increases in intersegmental rotation during cervical flexion when applying 100 N and 150 N compressive preloads at C5-C6 segment [3]. Kevin et al applied a 100 N follower load to cadaver specimens of the cervical spine using a robot tool and reported that the intersegmental rotation of C4-C5 segment and C5-C6 segment increased slightly in flexion, similar to the results in our study [13]., Barrey [48][49]. Therefore, the inclusion of LB and AR in our study make it difficult to directly compare the findings of the present study to previously published work.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our findings confirmed those of the previous literatures, with a significant increase in nucleus pressure at both the C3-C4 and C5-C6 intervertebral discs with application of the follower load. In addition, Kevin et al tested twelve human cervical spine cadaver specimens using a robotic test device and found that the nucleus pressure of C4-C5 segment and C5-C6 increased by 4.6 times and 2.6 times respectively after applying a 100 N follower load [13]. These results are very similar to the results of our study.…”

Section: Pospiech Et Al Explored the Relationship Between The Musclesupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Follower load has been used to simulate the physiological compressive load of the human spine and most previous research has reported that its value in the cervical spine was usually beyond 100 N [4][5][6][7]. To quantify biomechanical behavior of the human spine under the follower load, researchers have performed various in vitro experiments and finite element (FE) studies by applying compressive loads [3,6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, most experimental studies to date have focused on the lumbar spine [8][9][10][11], with only a few experimental studies evaluating the effect of the compressive load on the cervical spine [3,6,[12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ng et al investigated the biomechanical effect of orientation angles and preload magnitudes on the cervical spine at C5-C6 level [3]. Kevin et al applied a follower load on C3-C7 segment of the cervical spine specimen using a robot test device, and used this robot test device to investigate the influence of follower load on the moment-rotation parameters and intradiscal pressure of the cervical spine [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies of examining the influence of the follower load on the nucleus pressure in the thoracic spine are also more and more attractive to the researchers [25][26]. In addition, some researchers have evaluated the effect of compressive load on the nucleus pressure of cervical spine by utilizing in vitro experiments [13,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Finite element study on effect of follower load on intersegmental rotation, facet joint force and nucleus pressure of the cervical spine

Cai¹,

Yuchi²,

Du³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: The follower load is used to simulate the physiological compressive load of human spine. These compressive loads can maintain cervical spine’s mechanics stability and play a significant role in improving load-carrying capacity of the cervical spine. However, under different follower loads the biomechanical response of the cervical spine is unknown. So the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of follower load on biomechanics of the cervical spine. Results: In this study, a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) model of the cervical spine (C3-C7) was built and validated. Using this FE model of the cervical spine, we evaluated the effect of different follower loads on intersegmental rotation, facet joint force, and nucleus pressure in the cervical spine. The results indicated that with the follower load increased, the intersegmental rotation of the cervical spine in extension decreased, but the intersegmental rotation in other postures increased. The follower load increased the facet joint forces in all postures. In lateral bending (LB), the facet joint forces were only generated in the ipsilateral facet joints. In axial rotation (AR), there was a large asymmetry in the facet joint forces, and this asymmetry worsened with the follower load increased. The nucleus pressure of each segment nonlinearly increased with the follower load increased in all postures. Conclusion: An comprehensive analysis in intersegmental rotation, facet joint force and nucleus pressure under different follower loads can provide us a deeper understanding of the follower load in the human spine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Pospiech Et Al Explored the Relationship Between The Musclesupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Finite element study on effect of follower load on intersegmental rotation, facet joint force and nucleus pressure of the cervical spine

Cai¹,

Yuchi²,

Du³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Assessing the biofidelity of in vitro biomechanical testing of the human cervical spine

Wawrose

Howington

LeVasseur

et al. 2020

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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In vitro biomechanical studies of the osteoligamentous spine are widely used to characterize normal biomechanics, identify injury mechanisms, and assess the effects of degeneration and surgical instrumentation on spine mechanics. The objective of this study was to determine how well four standards in vitro loading paradigms replicate in vivo kinematics with regards to the instantaneous center of rotation and arthrokinematics in relation to disc deformation. In vivo data were previously collected from 20 asymptomatic participants (45.5 ± 5.8 years) who performed full range of motion neck flexion‐extension (FE) within a biplane x‐ray system. Intervertebral kinematics were determined with sub‐millimeter precision using a validated model‐based tracking process. Ten cadaveric spines (51.8 ± 7.3 years) were tested in FE within a robotic testing system. Each specimen was tested under four loading conditions: pure moment, axial loading, follower loading, and combined loading. The in vivo and in vitro bone motion data were directly compared. The average in vitro instant center of rotation was significantly more anterior in all four loading paradigms for all levels. In general, the anterior and posterior disc heights were larger in the in vitro models than in vivo. However, after adjusting for gender, the observed differences in disc height were not statistically significant. This data suggests that in vitro biomechanical testing alone may fail to replicate in vivo conditions, with significant implications for novel motion preservation devices such as cervical disc arthroplasty implants.

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Unique biomechanical signatures of Bryan, Prodisc C, and Prestige LP cervical disc replacements: a finite element modelling study

et al. 2019

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Influence of follower load application on moment-rotation parameters and intradiscal pressure in the cervical spine

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Finite element study on effect of follower load on intersegmental rotation, facet joint force and nucleus pressure of the cervical spine

Finite element study on effect of follower load on intersegmental rotation, facet joint force and nucleus pressure of the cervical spine

Assessing the biofidelity of in vitro biomechanical testing of the human cervical spine

Unique biomechanical signatures of Bryan, Prodisc C, and Prestige LP cervical disc replacements: a finite element modelling study

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