Influence of Fluoride in Surface Enamel and Degree of Dental Fluorosis on Caries Development in vitro

Thylstrup, A.; Fejerskov, O.; Bruun, Carsten

doi:10.1159/000260454

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The results of this study, therefore, indicate that very modest amounts of fluoride are incorporated in the enamel from daily administration of F supplements in doses estimated [McClure, 1943] on the basis of fluoride consumption in optimally fluoridated areas. The simi larity of the fluoride levels in enamel from the two groups is in accordance with ena mel fluoride data collected in areas with low or optimal concentrations of fluoride in the drinking water [Mellberg and Sin ger, 1977;Kidd et al, 1980], The present data may help to explain why it has been difficult to demonstrate a preemptive cariostatic effect of daily ad ministration of fluoride supplements [Driscoll, 1974;Mart haler, 1979;Thylstrup et al, 1979;Stookey, 1981],…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

Preemptive Acquisition of Fluoride by Surface Enamel of Permanent Teeth after Daily Use of F Supplements (Short Communication)

et al. 1983

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supporting

confidence: 84%

Preemptive Acquisition of Fluoride by Surface Enamel of Permanent Teeth after Daily Use of F Supplements (Short Communication)

et al. 1983

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“…The extremely high fluoride levels contained in the surface enamel of 3 of these 5 teeth is a possible reason since Kidd et al [1980] reported that such teeth show a very low degree of porosity due to demineralization in the body of the lesion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Posteruptive Age of Enamel on Its Susceptibility to Artificial Caries

Kotsanos

Darling²

1991

Caries Res

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Epidemiologic studies and caries experiments with animals have suggested that caries susceptibility of teeth decreases with age. Observations on the changes in the dental tissues and their environment with age have pointed out that a process commonly referred to as ‘posteruptive maturation’ of the dental enamel may be responsible. To test this assumption 10 unerupted third molars and 56 erupted human premolar teeth of various posteruptive ages were subjected for 130 days to an acid gel for caries-like lesion formation in vitro. Sections of the teeth were examined with polarized light and ‘contour maps’ were drawn with the approximate porosity of the lesions. The results were: unerupted = 833 μm (± 261); erupted of posteruptive age 0–3 years = 561 μm (± 150), 4–10 years = 470 μm (± 136), 11–30 years = 459 μm (± 192) and over 30 years = 297 μm (± 89). These findings show a decrease in the susceptibility of enamel to artificial caries with increasing age, which was especially marked at and shortly after eruption. This may be explained by a completion of mineralization of the outer enamel at about eruption, by a maturation process of the outer enamel posteruptively and by a reduction in the permeability of enamel occurring through to old age. The fluoride content of the mid-coronal buccal surface enamel under study was found to decrease posteruptively with age, therefore not accounting for the deceasing caries susceptibility.

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“…In vitro experimental caries using gel techniques has shown exactly similar degrees of lesion development in teeth from low-and 'optimal'-fluoride areas [Kidd et al, 1980] and shark enamel containing fluorapatite develops caries lesions in an in situ model [Ögaard et al, 1988]. Such a thing as relative resistance of enamel to caries attack does not exist [Weatherell et al, 1984], and Brudevold et al [1965] and Brown et al [1977] have stressed that the rate of acid solubility is of little importance in protecting the tooth against caries.…”

Section: Fluoride and Dental Cariesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…0.2 ppm F) area [Mellberg, 1977], but the systemic effect on caries prevalence is the same in both dentitions irrespective of fluoride incorporated during tooth formation [Thylstrup, 1979]. The difference in fluoride concentration in surface enamel between permanent teeth from low-fluoride and fluoridated areas is very limited [Brudevold et al, 1956;Isaac et al, 1958;Mellberg, 1977;Kidd et al, 1980;Larsen et al, 1986;Richards et al, 1989]. It is hardly likely that such a small difference should explain a 50% reduction in cavities.…”

Section: Fluoride and Dental Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Paradigms in Concepts on Dental Caries: Consequences for Oral Health Care

2004

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Kuhn proposed in his Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) that the theoretical framework of a science (paradigm) determines how each generation of researchers construes a causal sequence. Paradigm change is infrequent and revolutionary; thereafter previous knowledge and ideas become partially redundant. This paper discusses two paradigms central to cariology. The first concerns the most successful caries-preventive agent: fluoride. When it was thought that fluoride had to be present during tooth mineralisation to ‘improve’ the biological apatite and the ‘caries resistance’ of the teeth, systemic fluoride administration was necessary for maximum benefit. Caries reduction therefore had to be balanced against increasing dental fluorosis. The ‘caries resistance’ concept was shown to be erroneous 25 years ago, but the new paradigm is not yet fully adopted in public health dentistry, so we still await real breakthroughs in more effective use of fluorides for caries prevention. The second paradigm is that caries is a transmittable, infectious disease: even one caused by specific microorganisms. This paradigm would require caries prevention by vaccination, but there is evidence that caries is not a classical infectious disease. Rather it results from an ecological shift in the tooth-surface biofilm, leading to a mineral imbalance between plaque fluid and tooth and hence net loss of tooth mineral. Therefore, caries belongs to common ‘complex’ or ‘multifactorial’ diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, in which many genetic, environmental and behavioural risk factors interact. The paper emphasises how these paradigm changes raise new research questions which need to be addressed to make caries prevention and treatment more cost-effective.

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Influence of Fluoride in Surface Enamel and Degree of Dental Fluorosis on Caries Development in vitro

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Preemptive Acquisition of Fluoride by Surface Enamel of Permanent Teeth after Daily Use of F Supplements (Short Communication)

Preemptive Acquisition of Fluoride by Surface Enamel of Permanent Teeth after Daily Use of F Supplements (Short Communication)

Influence of Posteruptive Age of Enamel on Its Susceptibility to Artificial Caries

Changing Paradigms in Concepts on Dental Caries: Consequences for Oral Health Care

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