Influence of flow speed on the functional response of a passive suspension feeder, the spionid polychaete Polydora cornuta

Shimeta, Jeff

doi:10.1007/s00227-009-1270-6

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The elevated in-canopy velocity in flexible canopies is likely to increase fluxes of dissolved and particulate material to canopy elements (e.g., Lei and Nepf 2016). Previous studies have shown that the capture of suspended particles with canopy elements (Ackerman 2002;Palmer et al 2004;Shimeta 2009) increases with increasing velocity. Thus, processes such as pollination (Smith and Walker 2002;Verduin et al 2002), rates of suspension feeding (Humphries 2009), and larval settlement (Harvey et al 1995) may also be increased as a result of canopy flexibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of flexibility on flow, turbulence, and vertical mixing in coastal canopies

Abdolahpour

Ghisalberti

McMahon

et al. 2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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Physical modeling of canopy‐flow interactions has mostly employed rigid model vegetation, whereby the canopy geometry (i.e., its height and frontal area) is invariant and easily quantified. Here, we demonstrate that embedding realism in model vegetation, in the form of buoyancy and flexibility, can profoundly impact the structure of the flow and rates of vertical mixing in wave‐dominated conditions. A laboratory investigation was undertaken with two types of model canopy: (1) rigid canopies consisting of wooden dowels, and (2) flexible, buoyant model plants designed to mimic meadows of the seagrass Posidonia australis. To isolate the impact of flexibility, the maximum heights and frontal areas of the two types of canopy were matched. These canopies were subjected to oscillatory flows with a realistic range of wave heights and periods. Drag reduction caused by the reconfiguration of flexible canopies leads to a greatly diminished velocity attenuation in the canopy (by, on average, 65%). The reduced average height of flexible canopies shifts the canopy shear layer toward the bed, resulting in significantly enhanced levels of near‐bed turbulence. Finally, a decreased vertical diffusivity (by approximately 35%) was observed in the flexible model canopies, relative to the rigid analogues. Thus, while the use of dynamically scaled vegetation adds complexity to modeling efforts, it represents a step toward a more accurate quantitative understanding of flow and mixing in these environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of flexibility on flow, turbulence, and vertical mixing in coastal canopies

Abdolahpour

Ghisalberti

McMahon

et al. 2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Flow plays an important role in the feeding abilities and, therefore, growth of filter feeders. For Simuliids, flow is positively correlated with ingestion rate (Charpentier & Morin 1994;Finelli et al 2002), at least up to a species-specific threshold where deformation of the feeding structures (Craig & Chance 1982;Braimah 1987;Lacoursière & Craig 1993) or diminishing retention efficiency (Shimeta 2009) may negatively affect the individual's ability to feed. In one of the few direct studies of flow's effect on growth, Zhang (2000) tested flow velocities of 8 and 32 cm/s on the growth rates of black fly larvae, finding that growth rates of larvae significantly increased with faster flow (Zhang 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of larval size and hydrodynamics on the growth rates of the black fly Simulium tribulatum

Brannin¹,

O’Donnell

Fingerut

2014

Integrative Zoology

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Black flies are ubiquitous and important members of lotic ecosystems. Size is known to affect many aspects of their life in the aquatic larval stage, including intraspecific competition for feeding sites. As filter feeders, flow affects their ability to feed and reach sufficiently fast flow. This, in turn, can lead to risky fluid-mediated dispersal behavior in search of better conditions. It is surprising, therefore, that little information is available regarding how physiological and environmental factors combine to affect larval growth rates. The present study determines the relative growth rates of small (0.6 mm) and large (approximately 4 mm) larvae in laboratory flumes designed to produce spatially homogeneous and temporally consistent flow regimes at ecologically relevant velocities (44 and 64 cm/s). Our results indicate that size and flow both influence growth rates and that the 2 interact significantly. Young larvae exhibit faster growth rates and a greater positive response to increased flow speed. This result might help explain why smaller larvae have a greater propensity to disperse than larger larvae: the benefit of increased growth rate that they receive from relocating to faster flow might balance the risks inherent in dispersal.

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“…In addition, Zajac (1985) found that adults of P. cornuta experienced a decrease in fecundity, gametogenic segments, and number of eggs per capsule after palps or posterior segments were removed. However, regeneration of long palps may reduce feeding efficiency if worms are in areas of high flow and contact rate of food particles is constrained by the coiling of these appendages (Shimeta 2009). Palp coiling is not observed in D. commensalis (J.D.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palp growth, regeneration, and longevity of the obligate hermit crab symbiont Dipolydora commensalis (Annelida: Spionidae)

Dualan

Williams

2011

Invertebrate Biology

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Abstract. The polychaete Dipolydora commensalis is an obligate symbiont of hermit crabs and produces a burrow along the columella of the gastropod shells they inhabit. Adults of D. commensalis have short palps that they use to feed on particles dropped or brought in by the respiratory currents of hosts. To determine whether hermit crabs influence palp length, specimens of D. commensalis were isolated in glass capillary tubes and the growth of palps was measured over a 3‐week period. Palp length was also measured in worms isolated in gastropod shells with or without hermit crabs for 2 weeks. In addition, to determine whether adults of D. commensalis have regeneration capabilities like those of free‐living relatives, worms were cut at the fifth or 15th setiger and then monitored for 35 d. Worms extracted from shells and placed into capillary tubes had initial palp lengths of 1.0±0.4 mm (n=17); after isolation, palps were 40% longer (1.4±0.4 mm, n=17). Worms in gastropod shells with hermit crabs had an average palp length of 0.9±0.4 mm (n=31), whereas worms in shells without hermit crabs had palps that were 33% longer (1.2±0.5 mm, n=40). Adults of D. commensalis are capable of regeneration; 35 d after ablation at setigers 5 or 15, the average number of anterior setigers regenerated was 5 (n=15) and 9±1.3 (n=13), respectively. The average number of posterior setigers regenerated from the 15 setiger anterior fragments was 11±6 (n=10). The findings suggest that the palps (and sometimes anterior ends) of the worms are exposed during feeding and are cut during movement of the hermit crab. In the laboratory worms can live for >4 years, considerably longer than the functional life span of most gastropod shells inhabited by hermit crabs.

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Influence of flow speed on the functional response of a passive suspension feeder, the spionid polychaete Polydora cornuta

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

The impact of flexibility on flow, turbulence, and vertical mixing in coastal canopies

The impact of flexibility on flow, turbulence, and vertical mixing in coastal canopies

Effects of larval size and hydrodynamics on the growth rates of the black fly Simulium tribulatum

Palp growth, regeneration, and longevity of the obligate hermit crab symbiont Dipolydora commensalis (Annelida: Spionidae)

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