Influence of filler material on properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites: A review

Abstract

The current day target for material scientists and researchers is developing a wholesome material to satisfy the parameters such as durability, manufacturability, low cost, and lightweight. Extensive research studies are ongoing on the possible application of polymer matrix composites in engineering and technology, since these materials have an edge over conventional materials in terms of performance. Hybridization of reinforcements is considered to be a better option to enhance the efficiency and performance of composite materials. Accordingly, research studies focus on the surface treatment of natural fibers and the addition of nanofillers (natural or synthetic) by industry and academia to take the properties and application of composites to the next level. This review purely focuses on the influence of fillers on the properties of composites along with the probable application of filler-based polymer composites.

Mechanical Reinforcement of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Nanocomposites by Surface‐Modified Nanocellulose

“…In this comparison, it is clear that the dispersed ODA‐CNFs exhibited a superior reinforcement effect than the aggregated CNFs owing to a number of reasons, including the larger interfacial area, stronger filler–polymer interactions, easier orientation along the tensile direction, and more efficient transfer of applied stress to the fillers. [ 3,28,32–34,75,76 ]…”

“…In this comparison, it is clear that the dispersed ODA-CNFs exhibited a superior reinforcement effect than the aggregated CNFs owing to a number of reasons, including the larger interfacial area, stronger filler-polymer interactions, easier orientation along the tensile direction, and more efficient transfer of applied stress to the fillers. [3,28,[32][33][34]75,76] To more closely study the dispersion/aggregation states of the nanofillers and the polymer-filler interaction, the fractured surfaces of the nanocomposites after the tensile test were examined. In the FESEM images, the tensile fractured surface of the neat TPU film (Figure 6a) was relatively smooth, whereas the fractured surfaces of the TPU/CNF (Figure 6b-d) and TPU/ODA-CNF (Figure 6e-g) became tougher with increased roughness.…”

“…[19,[23][24][25][28][29][30] In general, the reinforcing effect of nanofillers is strongly influenced by the dispersion state of nanofillers as well as the interfacial adhesion between nanofillers and polymer matrix. [28,[31][32][33][34][35] A homogeneous CNC/CNF dispersion is required for an effective stress transfer between nanofiller and matrix. In addition, fibrous nanofillers would have an additional reinforcement effect by forming network structures, increasing crystallinity, and/or bridging crazes.…”

Acid-Cured Norbornylized Seed Oil Epoxides for Sustainable, Recyclable, and Reprocessable Thermosets and Composite Application

“…However, an acid-cured system of epoxides of norbornene oil epoxide and biomass filler is being reported for the first time in the thermoset and composite applications. Relative ease of processing and a much higher strength/higher modulus to density ratio are strong benefits of epoxidized polymer matrix composites in the aerospace and automotive industries. − Ramesh et al reviewed fiber-reinforced polymer composites as a function of filler materials and synthetic epoxides, whereas Hejna et al studied lignocellulosic filler in relation to polycaprolactone-based composites. In the same context, Andrew and Dhakal critically reviewed the various bio-based composites made from biopolymers and biofillers and mentioned poor moisture resistance (hydrophilicity) and fiber/matrix incompatibility.…”

Study on the Properties of Cellulose Acetate Composite Synergistically Toughened by Glycerol Triacetate and Modified Nano Titania

“…The character of cellulose diacetate, poor toughness, limits its application. Therefore, plasticizers and nanofillers are widely used to enhance the mechanical properties of cellulose acetate [3][4][5] . The toughening methods of cellulose diacetate are mainly chemical modification, physical plasticization, and blending modification.…”