Influence of Fiber Volume in Hybrid Short Glass/Cellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Compounds

Kahl, Christian; Zarges, Jan-Christoph; Heim, Hans-Peter

doi:10.3390/polym14193929

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All four samples showed fiber pull-out holes and fiber breakage with distance as well as directly on the surface. As Zarges et al [ 36 ] and Kahl et al [ 37 ] have already observed, the fibers stuck straight out of the surface. That indicates that the fiber orientation proceeds in the direction of loading during the injection molding process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Influence of Accelerated Aging on the Fiber-Matrix Adhesion of Regenerated Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Polyamide

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With regard to the sustainability and biological origin of plastic components, regenerated cellulose fiber (RCF)-reinforced polymers are expected to replace other composites in the future. For use under severe conditions, for example, as a housing in the engine compartment, the resistance of the composites and the impact on the fiber and fiber-matrix adhesion must be investigated. Composites of bio-polyamide with a reinforcement of 20 wt.% RCF were compounded using a twin-screw extruder. The test specimens were manufactured with an injection molding machine and aged under conditions of high humidity at 90% r. H, a high temperature of 70 °C, and water storage using a water temperature of 23 °C for 504 h. Mechanical tests, single-fiber tensile tests (SFTT), single-fibre pull-out tests (SFPT), and optical characterization revealed significant changes in the properties of the composites. The results of the SFPT show that accelerated aging had a significant effect on the bio-polymer and an even stronger effect on the fiber, as the single-fiber tensile strength decreased by 27.5%. Supplementary notched impact strength tests revealed a correlation of the impact strength and the accelerated aging of the RCF-reinforced composites. In addition, it could be verified that the tensile strength also decreased at about 37% due to the aging effect on the RCF and a lowered fiber-matrix adhesion. The largest aging impact was on the Young’s modulus with a decrease of 45% due to the accelerated aging. In summary, the results show that the strengthening effect with 20 wt.% RCF was highly decreased subsequent to the accelerated aging due to hydrolysis and debonding because of the shrinkage and swelling of the matrix and fiber. These scientific findings are essential, as it is important to ensure that this bio-based material used in the automotive sector can withstand these stresses without severe degradation. This study provides information about the aging behavior of RCF-reinforced bio-based polyamide, which provides fundamental insights for future research.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Influence of Accelerated Aging on the Fiber-Matrix Adhesion of Regenerated Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Polyamide

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The screw design is shown in Figure 1 . The screw configuration was optimized in collaboration with Leistritz and used in processing in previous studies [ 14 , 33 , 52 ] for cellulose-based composites. The granules (feeding zone) and fibers (Zone 3) were fed by a gravimetric feeding system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the following formula, the response factor ( R f ) can first be calculated. The response factor results from the quotient of the absolute mass (in μg) of toluene and the resulting peak areas [ 52 ]:

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission and Mechanical Properties of Glass and Cellulose Fiber Reinforced Bio-Polyamide Composites

Wolff,

Rüppel,

Rida

et al. 2023

Polymers

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climate change, access, and monopolies to raw material sources as well as politically motivated trade barriers are among the factors responsible for a shortage of raw materials. In the plastics industry, resource conservation can be achieved by substituting commercially available petrochemical-based plastics with components made from renewable raw materials. Innovation potentials are often not used due to a lack of information on the use of bio-based materials, efficient processing methods, and product technologies or because the costs for new developments are too high. In this context, the use of renewable resources such as fiber-reinforced polymeric composites based on plants has become an important criterion for the development and production of components and products in all industrial sectors. Bio-based engineering thermoplastics with cellulose fibers can be used as substitutes because of their higher strength and heat resistance, but the processing of this composite is still challenging. In this study, composites were prepared and investigated using bio-based polyamide (PA) as a polymer matrix in combination with a cellulosic fiber and, for comparison purposes, a glass fiber. A co-rotating twin-screw extruder was used to produce the composites with different fiber contents. For the mechanical properties, tensile tests and charpy impact tests were performed. Compared to glass fiber, reinforced PA 6.10 and PA 10.10, a significantly higher elongation at break with regenerated cellulose fibers, can be achieved. PA 6.10 and PA 10.10 achieve significantly higher impact strengths with the regenerated cellulose fibers than the composites with glass fibers. In the future, bio-based products will also be used in indoor applications. For characterization, the VOC emission GC-MS analysis and odor evaluation methods were used. The VOC emissions (quantitative) were at a low level but the results of the odor tests of selected samples showed values mostly above the required limit values.

show abstract

Influence of Fiber Volume in Hybrid Short Glass/Cellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Compounds

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Influence of Accelerated Aging on the Fiber-Matrix Adhesion of Regenerated Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Polyamide

Influence of Accelerated Aging on the Fiber-Matrix Adhesion of Regenerated Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Polyamide

Emission and Mechanical Properties of Glass and Cellulose Fiber Reinforced Bio-Polyamide Composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About