Influence of feedstock powder and cold spray processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V cold spray depositions

Bhattiprolu, Venkata Satish; Johnson, Kyle W.; Özdemir, Ozan Ç.; Crawford, Grant A.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.12.014

Cited by 77 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The particle impact velocity seems to drastically increase for the light materials (Mg, Al, Ti, and their alloys) and for low process parameters values. Furthermore, for these materials, the particle [27,41,46], (e) Mg and Mg Alloys [66], (f) Ni and Ni Alloys [59][60][61][62][63][64], (g) Ta [21], (h) Ti and Ti Alloys [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particle velocity vs. process parameter for the different pure metals and alloys analyzed in the present study. (a) Al and Al Alloys[38][39][40][41][42][43][44], (b) Co and Co Alloys[5,49,70], (c) Cu and Cu Alloys[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], (d) Fe and Fe Alloys[27,41,46], (e) Mg and Mg Alloys[66], (f) Ni and Ni Alloys[59][60][61][62][63][64], (g) Ta[21], (h) Ti and Ti Alloys[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Powder Properties and Processing Conditions Affecting Cold Spray Deposition

et al. 2020

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The cold spray coating properties and performances are largely affected by feedstock characteristics and the employed processing parameters. Starting from experimental results obtained from the bibliographic data, the relationships between starting particles, processing conditions, and coating properties obtained by cold gas spray were analyzed. The relationships among these properties and particle velocity were described for various material systems. The effect on particle flattening, hardness, and porosity were largely described. Finally, the influence of the different parameters on the process output and on the coating properties was analytically defined through the employment of the multi-objective simulation tool modeFRONTIER. The analysis of data from the bibliography is a new trend that can also be applied to cold spray in order to analyze the effect of powder properties and spraying parameters on the cold spray (CS) process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Powder Properties and Processing Conditions Affecting Cold Spray Deposition

et al. 2020

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“…When the average particle size is of concern, the HDH method provided an average particle size (d0.5) of 13.7 μm, which is within the acceptable range for almost every coating method and additive manufacturing processes [18]. The interstitials, such as oxygen and nitrogen in the powder, deteriorate the deposition efficiency by reducing the plastic deformation capacity of the Ti powders [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Ti6Al4V Powders Recycled from Turnings via the HDH Technique

Gökelma

Celik

Tazegul

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:The objective of this research is for Ti6Al4V alloy turnings, generated during the machining of implants, to produce powders for the fabrication of Ti base coating via the cold spray method. In order to decrease the cost of powder production and increase the recycling rate of the turnings, the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH) process has been utilised. The HDH process consists of the following sequence: surface conditioning of the turnings, hydrogenation, ball milling (for powder production), and dehydrogenation. Afterwards, the properties of the recycled powder were analysed via phase, chemical, and morphological examinations, and size and flowability measurements. Usability of the powder in additive manufacturing applications has been evaluated via examining the characteristics of the deposit produced from this powder by the cold spray method. In short, promising results were obtained regarding the potential of the recycled powders in additive manufacturing after making minor adjustments in the HDH process.

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“…[21]. Other factors that would influence the coating quality are substrate surface condition (temperature, roughness, hardness [21][22][23][24]), particle type and size [25], impact angle [26], etc. The optimum particle velocity differs for different types of material due to their different yield strengths and melting points [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Particle Velocity When Propelled Using N2 or N2-He Mixed Gas on the Properties of Cold-Sprayed Ti6Al4V Coatings

et al. 2018

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Cold-spraying is a relatively new low-temperature coating technology which produces coatings by the deposition of metallic micro-particles at supersonic speed onto target substrate surfaces. This technology has the potential to enhance or restore damaged parts made of light metal alloys, such as Ti6Al4V (Ti64). Particle deposition velocity is one of the most crucial parameters for achieving high-quality coatings because it is the main driving force for particle bonding and coating formation. In this work, studies were conducted on the evolution of the properties of cold-sprayed Ti64 coatings deposited on Ti64 substrates with particle velocities ranging from 730 to 855 m/s using pure N2 and N2-He mixture as the propellant gases. It was observed that the increase in particle velocity significantly reduced the porosity level from about 11 to 1.6% due to greater densification. The coatings’ hardness was also improved with increased particle velocity due to the intensified grain refinement within the particles. Interestingly, despite the significant differences in the coating porosities, all the coatings deposited within the velocity range (below and above critical velocity) achieved a high adhesion strength exceeding 60 MPa. The fractography also showed changes in the degree of dimple fractures on the particles across the deposition velocities. Finite element modelling was carried out to understand the deformation behaviour of the impacting particles and the evolutions of strain and temperature in the formed coatings during the spraying process. This work also showed that the N2-He gas mixture was a cost-effective propellant gas (up to 3-times cheaper than pure He) to deliver the high-quality Ti64 coatings.

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Influence of feedstock powder and cold spray processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V cold spray depositions

Cited by 77 publications

References 49 publications

Powder Properties and Processing Conditions Affecting Cold Spray Deposition

Powder Properties and Processing Conditions Affecting Cold Spray Deposition

Characteristics of Ti6Al4V Powders Recycled from Turnings via the HDH Technique

Influence of Particle Velocity When Propelled Using N2 or N2-He Mixed Gas on the Properties of Cold-Sprayed Ti6Al4V Coatings

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