Influence of Feedstock on the Release of Potassium, Sodium, Chlorine, Sulfur, and Phosphorus Species during Gasification of Wood and Biomass Shells

Bläsing, Marc; Zini, M.; Müller, Michael

doi:10.1021/ef302093r

Cited by 51 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This may explain why the COS yield did not appear to be significantly affected by operating conditions during the experimental trials (Figure 7b). Similar behavior was reported regarding the COS yields from different biomass feedstocks converted at different temperatures under gasification-like conditions [32]. The nitrogen content of hardwood bark was almost twice that of softwood bark (Table 1).…”

Section: Minor Syngas Components and Particlessupporting

confidence: 84%

Oxygen-Blown Gasification of Pulp Mill Bark Residues for Synthetic Fuel Production

2021

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Synthetic fuel production via gasification of residual biomass streams from the pulp and paper industry can be an opportunity for the mills to enable improved resource utilization and at the same time reduce the production of excess heat. This paper summarizes initial oxygen-blown gasification experiments with two bark residues from a European pulp and paper mill, i.e., a softwood bark and a hardwood bark. The gasification process was characterized by measuring syngas yields and process efficiency to find optimum operating conditions. In addition, impurities in the syngas and ash behavior were characterized. Maximum yields of CO and H2 were obtained from softwood bark and amounted to approximately 29 and 15 mol/kg fuel, respectively. Optimum cold gas efficiency was achieved at an oxygen stoichiometric ratio of λ = 0.40 and was approximately 76% and 70% for softwood bark and hardwood bark, respectively. Increased λ had a reducing effect on pollutants in the syngas, e.g., higher hydrocarbons, NH3, HCl, and soot. The situation for sulfur species was more complex. Evaluation of the bark ashes indicated that slag formation could start already from 800 °C. Furthermore, a non-intrusive laser diagnostics technique gave rapid feedback on the millisecond scale. Measured syngas temperature and water content were in good agreement with the applied reference methods.

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Section: Minor Syngas Components and Particlessupporting

confidence: 84%

Oxygen-Blown Gasification of Pulp Mill Bark Residues for Synthetic Fuel Production

2021

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“…Higher heating temperatures promote P migration into the gaseous phase. For example, P can be volatilized during gasification [70,71], and the main gaseous P species was PO 2 + during gasification (900-1400 °C), whereas hydrogen phosphate and two organophosphates were also identified in the volatiles of pyrolyzed Tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate [70,72].…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of phosphorus recovery from different thermal treatment products of sewage sludge

Meng

Huang

et al. 2019

Waste Dispos. Sustain. Energy

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Phosphorus (P) is an indispensable element of living organisms and plays an irreplaceable role in the growth of crops. As a non-renewable element, the reserves of phosphorus rock, the primary source of phosphorus in nature, are facing the danger of exhaustion. As a phosphorus-rich solid waste, sewage sludge has gradually become a main renewable phosphorus resource. The combination of effective recycling of phosphorus and innocuous disposal of sewage sludge can not only alleviate the crisis of phosphate rock resources shortage but also reduce the environmental hazards of sewage sludge. This study reviewed the application of thermal treatment in sewage sludge disposal. Besides the advantages of reducing waste volume, decomposing organic pollutants, generating valuable byproducts, it can also significantly promote the recycling of phosphorus. Studies have shown that thermal treatment (incineration, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal) can enrich phosphorus in the products and transform the speciation of phosphorus to increase the bioavailability. The physical and chemical properties of different thermal treatment products and the speciation of phosphorus are different. The transformation and migration of phosphorus affect the efficiency of subsequent phosphorus recovery and reuse. At the same time, this study compared several general phosphorus recovery methods (wet extraction, thermochemical, and electrochemical methods), and further summarized the advantages and disadvantages of various methods and application conditions. This review summarizes recent advances in phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge, identifies challenges and knowledge gaps, and provides the foundation for future research aimed at achieving efficient, economic, and eco-friendly reclamation of phosphorus in sewage sludge.

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“…The sulfur and chlorine in pellets create problems of corrosion in combustors and emission of greenhouse gases. 8 The composition of a wide range of selected biomass fuels is given in Jenkins et al 9 and John. 10 Disturbing elements such as K and Cl can be removed before combustion using a leaching process, which is often done either by rainfall or by washing the straw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties and characteristics of wheat straw and pellets

El‐Sayed

Mohamed

2018

Energy & Environment

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Wheat straw pellets can be easily handled, transported and stored with reduced costs as compared with the raw material. The effect of pelletization process and densification parameters on the properties of the mixture of wheat straw powder and 40% epoxy 1092 as a binder was investigated. The samples were compressed into pellets using the lab-scale hydraulic press under various compacting pressures of 10, 12 and 15 bars and different die shapes and sizes (two cylindrical dies with diameters 10 and 18 mm (S1, S2), respectively, and a new hexagonal die of side length (s) = 6 mm (S3)). It was found that the pelleting process increased the fixed carbon content from 7.14% to 17.36%, the heating value from 15,600 kJ kg−1 to 27,800 kJ kg−1 and the bulk density 10 times when compared to a raw wheat straw powder. It was also found that type S2 at pressure 15 bar is the densest pellet and it had the maximum compression stress that reached 2798.54 kg m−3 and 70.02 MPa, respectively. The cylindrical pellet (type S1) of D = 18 mm at a pressure of 15 bar had the lowest water permeability of 2.35%. Pelletizing process had improved combustion characteristic parameters compared to raw biomass where combustion temperature ranges became higher, maximum weight loss rates and residues became lower that led to a higher combustion efficiency. Thermogravimetric analysis of wheat straw before and after pelleting process was analyzed to evaluate the combustion properties. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the particle bonding was formed mainly from solid bridges, areas of cohesive failure due to lignin flow, and inter-diffusion between neighboring biomass particles. Images were investigated to explore the importance of compaction process. The images also showed that as the pressure decreases, the gap between the particles increases and produces the less durable pellet. It was found that the slagging index equals 0.38, which indicates that the pellet has a medium slagging inclination and for the fouling inclination (1.79), the wheat straw pellet has a relatively high fouling inclination.

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Influence of Feedstock on the Release of Potassium, Sodium, Chlorine, Sulfur, and Phosphorus Species during Gasification of Wood and Biomass Shells

Cited by 51 publications

References 12 publications

Oxygen-Blown Gasification of Pulp Mill Bark Residues for Synthetic Fuel Production

Oxygen-Blown Gasification of Pulp Mill Bark Residues for Synthetic Fuel Production

A review of phosphorus recovery from different thermal treatment products of sewage sludge

Mechanical properties and characteristics of wheat straw and pellets

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