Influence of exploitation on population structure, spatial distribution and reproductive success of dioecious species in a fragmented cloud forest in India

Somanathan, Hema; Borges, Renée M.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(99)00170-6

Cited by 68 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Systematic surveys of tree species were conducted. The nomenclature and botanical identity of the trees follows Witt (1916), Haines (1916), and Roy et al (1992). Nested plot sampling was used to collect information on the forest structure and composition following Misra (1968).…”

Section: Forest Structure and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest structure and anthropogenic pressures in the Pachmarhi biosphere reserve of India

Kala

2015

J. For. Res.

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A critical first step in establishing biosphere reserves-under the Man and Biosphere Programme of UNESCO-is to generate baseline information for future courses of action. The present study aims to assess the structure and composition of forests-along with anthropogenic pressures mounting on these forests in the buffer zone of one such biosphere reserves-the Pachmarhi biosphere reserve of India. The quadrat method was employed for sampling vegetation, and information on anthropogenic pressures was collected by conducting interviews with local people and forest officials and collecting it from secondary sources. A total of 39 tree species were sampled in 82 quadrats; of these 26 tree species were in standing stage, 25 in sapling, and 35 in seedling. Chloroxylon swietenia emerged as the most dominant tree species having highest importance value index, followed by Tectona grandis, Terminalia tomentosa, and Hardwickia binata. Nine tree species and their saplings, including Sterculia urens and Terminalia arjuna, were exploited so badly that they were only found in the seedlings stage. The unavailability of standing trees of 12 important tree species including Aegle marmelos and Phyllanthus emblica indicates the intensity and gravity of anthropogenic pressures on these important tree species. If the present anthropogenic pressure continues, which has inhibited the regeneration of several tree species, then substantial negative ecological and societal consequences can be expected.

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Section: Forest Structure and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest structure and anthropogenic pressures in the Pachmarhi biosphere reserve of India

Kala

2015

J. For. Res.

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“…Although inbreeding is avoided, sexual reproduction requires a vector to transfer pollen between conspecifics. This dependence entails different risks associated with various pollination mechanisms: animal-pollinated species are bound by the ecological constraints of the foraging distance and the availability of pollinators (Somanathan & Borges 2000), while wind-pollinated systems are subject to factors such as impaction (on vegetation), precipitation and thermal processes (DiGiovanni & Kevan 1991). Each of these risks potentially affects female fecundity in dioecious populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive biology of the dioecious understorey palm Chamaedorea radicalis in a Mexican cloud forest: pollination vector, flowering phenology and female fecundity

Berry

Gorchov

2004

J. Trop. Ecol.

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The reproductive biology of the dioecious understorey palm Chamaedorea radicalis was investigated in order to identify the primary pollen vector and quantify the relationship between female fecundity and local neighbourhood sexual composition. The study was conducted in a montane mesophyll forest within the El Cielo Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico. The species is considered vulnerable in Mexico and there are concerns about the sustainability of leaf harvest. We determined that wind is the primary pollen vector, based both on floral and pollen morphological characters, and on a pollinator exclosure experiment. Successful wind pollination of this understorey palm was facilitated by the extended flowering period of males, which allows one male to be a source of pollen to receptive females for as long as a month. The number of flowers and fruits borne on a female were dependent on female size, however, no size parameter correlated well with fruit set. Fruit set was also not dependent on local sexual composition, male density or distance to the nearest male, suggesting that in this study area female reproductive success is not limited by the availability of pollen.

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“…Many of the studies examining the effect of forest fragmentation on pollinators and reproductive success of plants have worked with herbaceous plants and most of them have been conducted in grasslands, woodlands and shrublands in temperate or subtropical zones (Sih and Baltus 1987;Spears 1987;Jennersten 1988;Aizen and Feinsinger 1994;Ghazoul et al 1998;Steffan-Dewenter and Tscharntke 1999;Cunningham 2000aCunningham , 2000bSomanathan and Borges 2000;Steffan-Dewenter et al 2001;Donaldson et al 2002;Murren 2002). Moreover, the great majority of studies looked at insect-pollinated plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of habitat disruption on the activity of nectarivorous bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a dry tropical forest: implications for the reproductive success of the neotropical tree Ceiba grandiflora

et al. 2003

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In the tropical dry forest of the central Pacific coast of Mexico the pollination and reproductive success of the bombacaceous tree Ceiba grandiflora was negatively affected by habitat disruption. Two of the three bat species that function as effective pollinators for this species ( Glossophaga soricina and Musonycteris harrisoni) visited flowers found in trees in disturbed habitats significantly less than trees found in undisturbed habitats. A similar pattern was observed for the effective bat pollinator, Leptonycteris curasoae; however the difference was not significant. The three nectarivorous bats that functioned as effective pollinators of C. grandiflora also visited flowers to exclusively feed on pollen by biting or pulling off an anther (see Fig. S1 of Electronic Supplementary Material). The number of pollen grains deposited on stigmas from flowers in undisturbed areas was significantly greater than from flowers in disturbed habitats. The greater visitation rate and the greater number of pollen grains deposited on flowers from trees in undisturbed forest resulted in a significantly greater fruit set for trees in these areas. Our study demonstrates the negative effect that habitat disruption has on bat pollinators in tropical dry forest ecosystems and documents the negative consequences for the plants they pollinate.

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Influence of exploitation on population structure, spatial distribution and reproductive success of dioecious species in a fragmented cloud forest in India

Cited by 68 publications

References 48 publications

Forest structure and anthropogenic pressures in the Pachmarhi biosphere reserve of India

Forest structure and anthropogenic pressures in the Pachmarhi biosphere reserve of India

Reproductive biology of the dioecious understorey palm Chamaedorea radicalis in a Mexican cloud forest: pollination vector, flowering phenology and female fecundity

Effects of habitat disruption on the activity of nectarivorous bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a dry tropical forest: implications for the reproductive success of the neotropical tree Ceiba grandiflora

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