Influence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction on refractoriness

Nowak, Dennis; Jörres, Rudolf A.; Magnussen, H

doi:10.1007/bf00175979

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Exercise refractoriness occurs in approximately 50 % of asthmatic subjects [7,40], and a number of authors have reported that an initial exercise challenge will blunt the bronchoconstrictor response to a second exercise challenge [11,12,14,15,23,31,40,42,45], if the time interval between exercise sessions is less than 4 hours [15,23]. The present study supports data from previous reports that warm-up exercise performed prior to a second exercise bout will attenuate the severity of EIB [13,25,29,37,39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparative Effects of a High-Intensity Interval Warm-Up and Salbutamol on the Bronchoconstrictor Response to Exercise in Asthmatic Athletes

Mickleborough¹,

Lindley²,

Turner³

2007

Int J Sports Med

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Approximately half of all asthmatics become refractory to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) with repeated challenges. Exercise refractoriness has been utilized by asthmatic athletes to reduce the bronchoconstrictor response to exercise prior to competition, and this has led to the observation that some asthmatic athletes can "run through" their asthma. The main aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of short high-intensity, repeated warm-ups compared with salbutamol (a commonly used inhaled beta (2)-agonist) on the severity of EIB. Eight moderately trained (.VO(2peak), 51.9 +/- 2.3 ml . kg (-1) . min (-1)) recreational asthmatic athletes with documented EIB were tested under 4 experimental conditions: 1) control (CON) condition; 2) an interval warm-up (WU) consisting of 8 x 30-sec runs at peak treadmill speed, with 45-sec recovery between each sprint; 3) inhaling 200 microg of salbutamol (Ventolin, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, Middlesex, U.K.) (IH); and 4) combining both the WU and IH session. All 4 experimental sessions were followed by an exercise challenge test (85-90 % predicted maximum heart rate for 8 min). Pulmonary function was measured pre-exercise and at 1, 5, 10, 15 min postexercise. The mean maximum percent fall in pre- to postexercise forced expiratory volume in 1-sec (FEV (1)) for all 8 asthmatic subjects during the EIB screening test (CON session) was - 18.25 +/- 4.01 %. The mean maximum percent decrease in postexercise FEV (1) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) to only - 9.1 +/- 0.6 % following the WU condition, which is below the EIB diagnostic threshold of a 10 % fall in postexercise FEV (1). The IH and WU + IH condition resulted in a substantial postexercise bronchodilation as shown by a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the mean maximum percent change in postexercise FEV (1) following the IH (+ 8.9 +/- 6.1 %) and WU + IH (+ 15.2 +/- 4.6 %) condition. Similar changes as a result of experimental condition were observed for FEF (25-75 %). These data indicate that repeated high-intensity warm-ups can lessen the bronchoconstrictor response to exercise. In addition, combining the interval warm-up with salbutamol prior to exercise resulted in substantial bronchodilation and conferred a greater protective effect against developing EIB than either intervention alone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparative Effects of a High-Intensity Interval Warm-Up and Salbutamol on the Bronchoconstrictor Response to Exercise in Asthmatic Athletes

Mickleborough¹,

Lindley²,

Turner³

2007

Int J Sports Med

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“…Some authors report that the degree to which the patient is refractory to additional exercise may be increased after high as compared with low levels of work. 33 Interestingly, patients may only be refractory to additional exercise but not to other triggers, because patients may still be challenged with antigen or histamine and have bronchospasm. 52 -53 In one study, the response to inhaled histamine Allergy and Asthma Proc.…”

Section: Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Asthma: A Practical Guide to Definitions, Diagnosis, Prevalence, and Treatment

Weiler¹

1996

allergy asthma proc

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Exercise-induced asthma is defined as an intermittent narrowing of the airways, demonstrated by a decrease in some measure of flow, that the patient experiences as wheezing, chest tightness, coughing, and difficulty breathing that is triggered by exercise. Exercise will trigger asthma in most individuals who have chronic asthma, as well as in some who do not otherwise have asthma. Definitive diagnosis requires demonstration of a drop in flow rate, typically > or = 13-15% for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and > or = 15-20% for peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), after exercise, associated with symptoms. Prevalence data indicate that this disorder is very common in those who participate in recreational sports as well as in highly competitive athletes, with at least 12-15% of unselected athletes having positive exercise challenges. Treatment of exercise induced asthma involves use of nonpharmacological measures (such as the use of the refractory period after exercise and prewarming air) as well as use of medications (beta-agonists, cromolyn, and nedocromil). With treatment, those who suffer from exercise-induced asthma may be able to participate and compete at the highest levels of performance.

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Asthma and Exercise

Cypcar

Lemanske

1994

Clinics in Chest Medicine

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Influence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction on refractoriness

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Comparative Effects of a High-Intensity Interval Warm-Up and Salbutamol on the Bronchoconstrictor Response to Exercise in Asthmatic Athletes

Comparative Effects of a High-Intensity Interval Warm-Up and Salbutamol on the Bronchoconstrictor Response to Exercise in Asthmatic Athletes

Exercise-Induced Asthma: A Practical Guide to Definitions, Diagnosis, Prevalence, and Treatment

Asthma and Exercise

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