Influence of ethanol–diesel blended fuels on diesel exhaust emissions and mutagenic and genotoxic activities of particulate extracts

Experimental investigation on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fuelled with ethanol–diesel blends

“…From the figures, it can be seen that the more ethanol added in, the more reduction of smoke emissions were. This result is similar as those from other researchers [24][25][26].…”

Environmental and health impact assessment from a heavy-duty diesel engine under different injection strategies fueled with a bioethanol–diesel blend

“…Results show that eDC emissions exceeded in general DC emissions. Song et al [17] also found an increase in PAH emissions with ethanol content. This increase was explained by either the high latent heat of vaporization of ethanol which contributes to low combustion temperature and thick quenching layer (promoting the soluble organic fraction formation, and hence probably increasing the PAH emissions), or by the decrease in the power output of engine due to the lower energy content reduction caused by the ethanol addition.…”

“…For these reasons, both species have been widely studied in diesel exhaust [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], among others. However, the operating conditions in which they were studied are very few.…”

Vehicle Emissions: What Will Change with Use of Biofuel?

“…Nitro-PAH is a potential worse chemical carcinogen than PAH; it is shown to induce mutations in bacterial and mammalian cells, sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations in cultured mammalian cells [63]. In addition, there is evidence for carcinogenicity in rats [64]. However, some studies have shown discordant results about PAH emissions when biofuels are used compared with fossil fuels in vehicle engines.…”

“…Salmonella ryphimurium/mammalian microsome test [81] detects mutagenic proprieties of a wide spectrum of chemicals by reverse mutation of a series of Salmonella ryphimurim tester strains. In general, the bacterial stains used to detect frameshift mutagens and base pair substitutions are TA98 and TA 100, respectively [64]. The Ames test is the most frequently used test system worldwide to investigate mutagenicity of complex mixtures like combustion products [82].…”