Influence of Enzyme Supplementation and Heat Processing of Barley on Digestive Traits and Productive Performance of Broilers

Abstract

We studied the influence of enzyme supplementation (ES) of the diet and heat processing (HP) of barley on digestive traits and productive performance of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age. There were 6 diets arranged factorially with 2 doses (0 and 500 ppm) of a fungal enzyme complex with beta-glucanase and xylanase activity and 3 HP of barley (raw, micronized, and expanded). In addition, a control diet based on raw corn without ES was also included from 1 to 21 d of age. Enzymes reduced intestinal viscosity (IV) at all ages (P < or = 0.001) and water intake at 21 d of age (P < or = 0.01) and increased DM of the ileal contents at 28 d (P < or = 0.001). Also, ES increased total tract apparent retention of nutrients and BW gain and feed conversion ratio from 1 to 42 d of age (P < or = 0.001). Heat processing of barley increased IV at 7 and at 28 d of age, and DM of ileal contents (P < or = 0.05) at 28 d of age. In addition, HP improved feed intake (P < or = 0.01) and BW gain (P < or = 0.001) from 1 to 7 d of age, but the effects disappeared after 21 d of age. From 1 to 7 d of age, chicks fed micronized barley had higher IV, gained less weight, and had poorer feed conversion ratio than chicks fed expanded barley (P < or = 0.05). It is concluded that barley with enzymes can substitute for all of the corn in diets fed to broilers from 1 to 21 d of age. Enzymes improved digestive traits, retention of nutrients, and broiler performance from 1 to 42 d of age, and HP of barley improved performance from 1 to 7 d of age. The effects of HP of barley on broiler performance were more evident with expansion than with micronization.

Enzyme Complex Added to Broiler Diets: Effects on Performance, Metabolizable Energy Content, and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Balance

“…These results are consistent with other studies that reported higher weight gain in 42-d-old broilers fed diets with multiple enzyme complexes (Figueiredo et al, 1998;West et al, 2007;García et al, 2008;Farran et al, 2010;Tiwari et al, 2010;Iwahashi et al, 2011).…”

“…Previous studies reported improvements in weight gain, feed-togain ratio, and carcass traits of broilers supplemented with exogenous enzyme complexes (García et al, 2008;Boguhn and Rodehutscord, 2010;Farran et al, 2010;Campasino et al, 2015). Different strategies for enzyme utilization are applied (decreasing nutrient specifications or assigning nutrient values to the enzymes) when combining two enzyme products (Avila et al, 2012).…”

The effects of dry heat processing, autoclaving and enzyme supplementation on the nutritive value of wheat for growing Japanese quails

“…The result of the current experiment is in agreement with Afsharmanesh et al (2008) who reported that heat treatment (oven dried at 808C for 15 h) significantly improved FCR and AME, protein and P digestibility and destroyed endogenous phytase and xylanase in wheat-based diets, also increasing the levels of soluble NSP. Steam HP of cereal may modify the physical and chemical structure of the cereal, improving accessibility of enzymes to dietary components and facilitating its utilisation (Gracia et al 2008). Zaghari (2006) reported that autoclaving of wheat increased its amino-acid digestibility.…”

“…Gracia et al (2003) reported that HP of wheat improved body weight gain (BWG) in broilers in the early stages of growing and that the beneficial effects of HP disappeared with age. HP of wheat modifies the physical and chemical structure of the cereal, improving accessibility of enzymes to the dietary components and facilitating its utilisation (Gracia et al 2008). Plavnik and Sklan (1995) reported that dry extrusion of barley increases the AME of diets by 2.2%.…”

Influence of particle size of the cereal of the diet on egg production, egg quality, and the development of the gastrointestinal tract of brown-egg laying hens

“…Barley and wheat contain variable amounts of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) which increase digesta viscosity and reduce nutrient absorption and performance in broilers (Edney et al, 1989;Wang et al, 2005;García et al, 2008) and laying hens (Lázaro et al, 2003;Mirzaie et al, 2012). In layers, a high NSP content of the diet is associated with an increase in dirty eggs (Francesch and Brufau, 2004).…”