Influence of Environmental Factors on Carbon Dioxide Exchange in Biological Soil Crusts in Desert Areas

Feng, Wei; Zhang, Yuqing; Wu, Bin; Qin, Shugao; Lai, Zongrui

doi:10.1080/15324982.2013.835006

Cited by 23 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Diel hysteresis (asynchronicity) between soil respiration (R s ) and soil temperature (T s ) is widely documented for forests (Tang et al, 2005;Gaumont-Guay et al, 2006;RiverosIregui et al, 2007;Stoy et al, 2007;Vargas and Allen, 2008;Jia et al, 2013), grasslands (Carbone et al, 2008;BarronGafford et al, 2011), and desert ecosystems (Wang et al, 2014;Feng et al, 2014). Diel hysteresis, which appears as an elliptical loop in the relationship between R s and T s , is difficult to model with theoretical functions, such as the Q 10 , Lloyd-Taylor, Arrhenius, or van't Hoff functions (Lloyd and Taylor, 1994;Winkler et al, 1996;Davidson et al, 2006;Phillips et al, 2011;Oikawa et al, 2014), leading to an inadequate understanding of temperature sensitivity in R s Phillips et al, 2011;Darenova et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water regulates the control of photosynthesis on diel hysteresis between soil respiration and temperature in a desert shrubland

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Explanations for the occurrence of hysteresis (asynchronicity) between diel soil respiration (R s ) and soil temperature (T s ) have evoked both biological and physical mechanisms. The specifics of these explanations, however, tend to vary with the particular ecosystem or biome being investigated. So far, the relative degree of control of biological and physical processes on hysteresis is not clear for drylands. This study examined the seasonal variation in diel hysteresis and its biological control in a desert-shrub ecosystem in northwest (NW) China. The study was based on continuous measurements of R s , air temperature (T a ), temperature at the soil surface and below (T surf and T s ), volumetric soil water content (SWC), and photosynthesis in a dominant desert shrub (i.e., Artemisia ordosica) over an entire year in 2013. Trends in diel R s were observed to vary with SWC over the growing season (April to October). Diel variations in R s were more closely associated with variations in T surf than with photosynthesis as SWC increased, leading to R s being in phase with T surf , particularly when SWC > 0.08 m 3 m −3 (ratio of SWC to soil porosity = 0.26). However, as SWC decreased below 0.08 m 3 m −3 , diel variations in R s were more closely related to variations in photosynthesis, leading to pronounced hysteresis between R s and T surf . Incorporating photosynthesis into a Q 10 -function eliminated 84.2 % of the observed hysteresis, increasing the overall descriptive capability of the function. Our findings highlight a high degree of control by photosynthesis and SWC in regulating seasonal variation in diel hysteresis between R s and temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water regulates the control of photosynthesis on diel hysteresis between soil respiration and temperature in a desert shrubland

et al. 2017

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“…From these results, two biocrust groups can be distinguished: one where biocrusts experienced net C uptake and the other where biocrusts experienced C loss. Examples from the net C uptake group include a biocrust from the Mojave Desert which gained 11.7 g C m −2 yr −1 (Brostoff et al, 2005), a biocrust in the northern Negev Desert, Israel, with a net C uptake of 0.7-5.1 g m −2 yr −1 (Wilske et al, 2008(Wilske et al, , 2009) and a biocrust from a desert region of north-west China showing a net C uptake of 3.5 to 6.1 g C m −2 yr −1 (Feng et al, 2014). Among the C-losing biocrusts are those of southeast Utah determined to be typical net C sources (Bowling et al, 2011), a biocrust from the Colorado Plateau, USA, also losing 62 ± 8 g C m −2 yr −1 (Darrouzet-Nardi et al, 2015) and finally biocrusts from the Gurbantunggut Desert, north-western China, showed a C release of 48.8 ± 5.4 to 50.9 ± 3.8 g m −2 yr −1 (Su et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual net primary productivity of a cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crust in the Gulf Savannah, Queensland, Australia

2018

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Abstract. Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are a common element of the Queensland (Australia) dry savannah ecosystem and are composed of cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, bryophytes, fungi and heterotrophic bacteria. Here we report how the CO 2 gas exchange of the cyanobacteria-dominated biocrust type from Boodjamulla National Park in the north Queensland Gulf Savannah responds to the pronounced climatic seasonality and on their quality as a carbon sink using a semi-automatic cuvette system. The dominant cyanobacteria are the filamentous species Symplocastrum purpurascens together with Scytonema sp. Metabolic activity was recorded between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2011, during which CO 2 exchange was only evident from November 2010 until mid-April 2011, representative of 23.6 % of the 1-year recording period. In November at the onset of the wet season, the first month (November) and the last month (April) of activity had pronounced respiratory loss of CO 2 . The metabolic active period accounted for 25 % of the wet season and of that period 48.6 % was net photosynthesis (NP) and 51.4 % dark respiration (DR). During the time of NP, net photosynthetic uptake of CO 2 during daylight hours was reduced by 32.6 % due to water supersaturation. In total, the biocrust fixed 229.09 mmol CO 2 m −2 yr −1 , corresponding to an annual carbon gain of 2.75 g m −2 yr −1 . Due to malfunction of the automatic cuvette system, data from September and October 2010 together with some days in November and December 2010 could not be analysed for NP and DR. Based on climatic and gas exchange data from November 2010, an estimated loss of 88 mmol CO 2 m −2 was found for the 2 months, resulting in corrected annual rates of 143.1 mmol CO 2 m −2 yr −1 , equivalent to a carbon gain of 1.7 g m −2 yr −1 . The bulk of the net photosynthetic activity occurred above a relative humidity of 42 %, indicating a suitable climatic combination of temperature, water availability and light intensity well above 200 µmol photons m −2 s −1 photosynthetic active radiation. The Boodjamulla biocrust exhibited high seasonal variability in CO 2 gas exchange pattern, clearly divided into metabolically inactive winter months and active summer months. The metabolic active period commences with a period (of up to 3 months) of carbon loss, likely due to reestablishment of the crust structure and restoration of NP prior to about a 4-month period of net carbon gain. In the Gulf Savannah biocrust system, seasonality over the year investigated showed that only a minority of the year is actually suitable for biocrust growth and thus has a small window for potential contribution to soil organic matter.

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“…In reality, there may not be clear boundaries between top crust and subcrust, and even top crust itself may contain significant variations in microstructure and communities even within 1 cm (Williams et al, 2012;Raanan et al, 2016). The C sequestration of biocrust can be strongly modified by microbial communities directly (Belnap et al, 2003;Pointing and Belnap, 2012;Feng et al, 2014;Maestre et al, 2015) and through other factors, e.g. surface albedo (Chamizo et al, 2012), dew falls (Liu et al, 2006) and soil pore formation (Williams et al, 2012;Felde et al, 2014).…”

Section: Modelling Uncertainties and Future Research Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(17)- (19) were parameterized based on the experiment of Feng et al (2014). In the experiment, 50 lichen (top crust) samples of 0.5-0.7 cm thickness (100 % coverage; average C content of 1048 µmol C cm −3 ) were collected from a 20 m × 20 m area.…”

Section: Parameterization Of Biocrust Photosynthesis and Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the diurnal and seasonal dynamics of soil CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in a semiarid ecosystem with high plant–interspace heterogeneity

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We used process-based modelling to investigate the roles of carbon-flux (C-flux) components and plantinterspace heterogeneities in regulating soil CO 2 exchanges (F S ) in a dryland ecosystem with sparse vegetation. To simulate the diurnal and seasonal dynamics of F S , the modelling considered simultaneously the CO 2 production, transport and surface exchanges (e.g. biocrust photosynthesis, respiration and photodegradation). The model was parameterized and validated with multivariate data measured during the years 2013-2014 in a semiarid shrubland ecosystem in Yanchi, northwestern China. The model simulation showed that soil rewetting could enhance CO 2 dissolution and delay the emission of CO 2 produced from rooting zone. In addition, an ineligible fraction of respired CO 2 might be removed from soil volumes under respiration chambers by lateral water flows and root uptakes. During rewetting, the lichen-crusted soil could shift temporally from net CO 2 source to sink due to the activated photosynthesis of biocrust but the restricted CO 2 emissions from subsoil. The presence of plant cover could decrease the root-zone CO 2 production and biocrust C sequestration but increase the temperature sensitivities of these fluxes. On the other hand, the sensitivities of root-zone emissions to water content were lower under canopy, which may be due to the advection of water flows from the interspace to canopy. To conclude, the complexity and plant-interspace heterogeneities of soil C processes should be carefully considered to extrapolate findings from chamber to ecosystem scales and to predict the ecosystem responses to climate change and extreme climatic events. Our model can serve as a useful tool to simulate the soil CO 2 efflux dynamics in dryland ecosystems.

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Influence of Environmental Factors on Carbon Dioxide Exchange in Biological Soil Crusts in Desert Areas

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Soil water regulates the control of photosynthesis on diel hysteresis between soil respiration and temperature in a desert shrubland

Soil water regulates the control of photosynthesis on diel hysteresis between soil respiration and temperature in a desert shrubland

Annual net primary productivity of a cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crust in the Gulf Savannah, Queensland, Australia

Modelling the diurnal and seasonal dynamics of soil CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in a semiarid ecosystem with high plant–interspace heterogeneity

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Influence of Environmental Factors on Carbon Dioxide Exchange in Biological Soil Crusts in Desert Areas

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Soil water regulates the control of photosynthesis on diel hysteresis between soil respiration and temperature in a desert shrubland

Soil water regulates the control of photosynthesis on diel hysteresis between soil respiration and temperature in a desert shrubland

Annual net primary productivity of a cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crust in the Gulf Savannah, Queensland, Australia

Modelling the diurnal and seasonal dynamics of soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; exchange in a semiarid ecosystem with high plant–interspace heterogeneity

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Modelling the diurnal and seasonal dynamics of soil CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in a semiarid ecosystem with high plant–interspace heterogeneity