The oviduct creates optimal conditions for oocyte maturation, sperm capacitation, fertilization, and embryo and gamete transport (1). The different segments of the oviduct vary by means of effects on spermatozoon functions. The isthmus is the section of the oviduct which serves as a reservoir for sperm, while the ampulla is known as the fertilization area (2). The oviduct epithelial lining is composed of two kinds of cells: ciliated and secretory cells. The ciliated cells play a role in oocyte, spermatozoon, and embryo transport, while secretory cells secrete substances which are important in sperm function and early embryonal development (3). While the oviduct epithelium improves the vitality and motility of the sperm, it also fosters an environment for sperm capacitation (4). The secretions of oviduct epithelial cells vary over the cycle (2). Ovarian-derived steroids regulate oviduct physiology and reproductive events in the oviduct (5). Both estrogen and progesterone receptors are found in the bovine oviduct epithelium. Gamete maturation and breeding occur during estrogen-dominant phases of the cycle, while fertilization, early stages of clefts, and morphogenesis of Abstract: Oxidative stress interferes with oviduct functions including oocyte maturation, capacitation, fertilization, and embryo and gamete transport. This study aimed to determine activity of the antioxidants glutathione peroxidase (GPX-I), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOEC) isolated from the isthmus and ampulla of the oviduct at estral (n = 7) and luteal phases (n = 7) of the estrous cycle. The antioxidant activity was measured at the primary, first, and second passages of the cell culture, and was characterized by cytokeratin expression. The GPX activity increased over the passages in samples of the ampulla and the isthmus of each sexual phase without statistical significance. The SOD activity remained steady through the cell passages in both sexual phases. CAT activity at the primary culture was higher in the ampulla compared to the isthmus in both sexual phases with a significant difference for the estral phase (P < 0.05), and it decreased over the passages with no significant differences. In conclusion, the antioxidant enzyme activity profile of BOEC did not differ by region or sexual cycle except for that of CAT, which was higher in the ampulla. Further studies should focus on SOD, GPX, and CAT activity for the mechanism of BOEC adaptation to an in vitro environment.