Influence of drying and hydrothermal treatment of corn on the denaturation of salt-soluble proteins and color parameters

Kaveh M., Chayjan Amiri R., Esna-Ashari M. (2015): Thermal and physical properties modelling of terebinth fruit (Pistacia atlantica L.) under solar drying. Res. Agr. Eng., 61: 150-161.A laboratory solar dryer was used to study terebinth fruit drying. Two solar collectors were adjusted in east-west directions with the angle of 45°. Initial moisture content of terebinth fruit was dried under natural and forced airflow. In order to predict terebinth moisture content during drying process five mathematical models were used. Colour change and shrinkage of the terebinth samples were calculated. Results showed that the Page model had the best performance in moisture content prediction of terebinth samples. Effective moisture diffusivity of terebinth fruit was increased under forced convection. The lowest colour change and shrinkage of the samples in natural air flow condition were observed. Maximum rupture force and energy values were obtained at maximum airflow velocity. Models were fitted to the experimental data of physical, thermal and mechanical properties of terebinth fruit with high correlation coefficients.Keywords: thin layer; moisture diffusivity; shrinkage; colour; rupture energy Drying is a complex process including simultaneous heat and mass transfer and it can result in significant changes in physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of agricultural and food materials (Koc et al. 2008). These phenomena contribute to moisture removal leading to substantial reduction in mass and volume of product, minimizing packaging, storage and transportation costs (Vega-Galvez et al. 2010). Drying kinetics of material requires simple representations to predict drying behaviour and to optimize drying parameters. Thin layer drying equations have therefore been used to predict drying time and to generalize drying curves (Arumuganathan et al. 2009).Terebinth (Pistacia atlantica L.) is one of the old trees with a long life having small, round and dark green fruit with many nutritional, medicinal and industrial applications that grows in Iran. Mutica, Kurdica and Kabolica are the main terebinth cultivars that grow wild in Iran. Presence of too much moisture in fruit at harvesting time (about 116% d.b.) is a great obstacle for long term storage.Solar drying can be considered as the development of open sun drying which an efficient method of solar energy utilization (Janjai et al. 2009). Sun drying allows the preparation of a new product presenting high quality of colour with translucent appearance.

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“…(4) could be written as the first term of series only, without much effect on the prediction accuracy (Odjo et al 2012;Amiri Chayjan et al 2013):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and physical properties modelling of terebinth fruit (Pistacia atlantica L.) under solar drying

Kaveh¹,

Amiri²,

Esna-Ashari³

2015

Res. Agric. Eng.

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“…Odjo, et al [98] has described the Promatest procedure to determine the salt-soluble protein content of maize. Briefly, the solubility of extracted protein is compared to the standard of bovine serum albumin via a colorimetric reaction with coomassie brilliant blue G250 (Merck, Germany).…”

Section: Promatest Protein Solubilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Sorghum: A Conundrum for Chicken-Meat Production

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The inclusion of grain sorghum in diets for broiler chickens is quite common; however, under Australian conditions, the utilisation of starch/energy by birds offered sorghum-based diets appears inadequate. Various factors inherent in sorghum, including kafirin, phenolic compounds and phytate, may limit energy utilisation. The recent quantification of kafirin, the dominant protein fraction in sorghum, has allowed its nutritional significance to be assessed. This is important as indirect evidence suggests that kafirin concentrations in local sorghums are increasing as an unintended consequence of breeding programs. Presently, Australian sorghums do not contain condensed tannin but, from analyses and assessments of other polyphenolic compounds and phenolic acids, "non-tannin" phenols appear to be negative influences. Anecdotally, white sorghums are considered to be superior to red varieties thus the fact that polyphenolic pigments are responsible for the "redness" of sorghum assumes relevance. Inclusions of sulphite reducing agents in broiler diets have generated promising responses but seem dependent on sorghum properties. Preliminary studies have shown the possibilities of using rapid visco-analyser (RVA) starch pasting OPEN ACCESSAgriculture 2015, 5 1225 profiles, promatest protein solubilities and grain textures to indicate sorghum quality and further studies are required to confirm these hypotheses. These assessments may indicate which sorghums will best respond to reducing agents such as sodium metabisulphite. Finally, the usually modest responses of broilers to exogenous feed enzyme inclusions in sorghum-based are considered in this review.

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“…After initial calibration against standard white and black surface plates, ten measurements were taken (Reddy 2006). A glass cell with a diameter just close to the nose cone of colourimeter, containing samples without cut-off, was placed above the light source and L*, a* and b* colour values were recorded (Odjo et al 2012). According to following equations (Rattanathanalerk et al 2005), a* and b* values were used to calculate Chroma (C) (Eq.…”

Section: Determination Of Physical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and chemical characteristics of goldenberry fruit (Physalis peruviana L.)

et al. 2014

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Some physical and chemical characteristics of goldenberry fruit (Physalis peruviana L.) were investigated. These characteristics are necessary for the design of equipments for harvesting, processing, transportation, sorting, separating and packing. The fruit length, diameter, geometric and arithmetic mean diameters, sphericity, surface area, projected areas (vertical-horizontal) and aspect ratio of goldenberries were determined as 17.52 mm, 17.31 mm, 17.33 mm, 17.38 mm, 98.9 %, 0.949 cm 2 , 388.67-387.85 mm 2 and 0.988, respectively. The mass of fruit, bulk density, fruit density, porosity and fruit hardness were 3.091 g, 997.3 kg/ m 3 , 462.3 kg/m 3 , 53.61 % and 8.01 N, respectively. The highest static coefficient of friction was observed on rubber surface, followed by stainless steel sheet, aluminum sheet, and plywood materials. The dry matter, water soluble dry matter, ash, protein, oil, carbohydrate, titratable acidity, pH, total sugar, reducing sugar, antioxidant capacity were 18.67 %, 14.17 %, 2.98 %, 1.66 %, 0.18 %, 13.86 %, 1.26 %, 6.07, 63.90 g/kg, 31.99 g/kg and 57.67 %, respectively. The fresh fruits have 145.22 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g total phenol content and skin colour data represented as L*, a*, b*, Chroma (C) and Hue angle (α) were 49.92, 25.11, 50.23, 56.12 and 63.48, respectively.

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Influence of drying and hydrothermal treatment of corn on the denaturation of salt-soluble proteins and color parameters

Cited by 59 publications

References 23 publications

Thermal and physical properties modelling of terebinth fruit (Pistacia atlantica L.) under solar drying

Thermal and physical properties modelling of terebinth fruit (Pistacia atlantica L.) under solar drying

Grain Sorghum: A Conundrum for Chicken-Meat Production

Physical and chemical characteristics of goldenberry fruit (Physalis peruviana L.)

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