Influence of dog ownership and high endotoxin on wheezing and atopy during infancy

Campo, Paloma; Kalra, H.; Levin, Linda; Reponen, Tiina; Olds, Rolanda L.; Lummus, Zana L.; Cho, Seung-Hyun; Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana; Lockey, James E.; Villareal, Manuel; Stanforth, Sherry Cook; LeMasters, Grace K.; Bernstein, David I.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2006.08.008

Cited by 96 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In this same high-risk cohort, however, exposure to high levels of endotoxin during infancy increased the risk for development of asthma and late-onset wheezing at age 7 years (45). Previously in this birth cohort we reported that exposure to both multiple dogs and high endotoxin during infancy was protective for wheeze at age 1 year (34). The effect of either exposure alone, however, was not significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Exposure to Traffic-related Particles and Endotoxin during Infancy Is Associated with Wheezing at Age 3 Years

Ryan¹,

Bernstein²,

Lockey³

et al. 2009

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

106

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Rationale: Murine models demonstrate a synergistic production of reactive oxygen species on coexposure to diesel exhaust particles and endotoxin. Objectives: It was hypothesized that coexposure to traffic-related particles and endotoxin would have an additive effect on persistent wheezing during early childhood. Methods: Persistent wheezing at age 36 months was assessed in the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study, a high-risk birth cohort. A time-weighted average exposure to traffic-related particles was determined by applying a land-use regression model to the homes, day cares, and other locations where children spent time from birth through age 36 months. Indoor levels of endotoxin were measured from dust samples collected before age 12 months. The relationship between dichotomized (,/>75th percentile) trafficrelated particle and endotoxin exposure and persistent wheezing, controlling for potential covariates, was examined. Measurements and Main Results: Persistent wheezing at age 36 months was significantly associated with exposure to increased levels of traffic-related particles before age 12 months (OR 5 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-2.87). Coexposure to endotoxin had a synergistic effect with traffic exposure on persistent wheeze (OR 5 5.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.89-18.13) after adjustment for significant covariates. Conclusions:The association between traffic-related particle exposure and persistent wheezing at age 36 months is modified by exposure to endotoxin. This finding supports prior toxicological studies demonstrating a synergistic production of reactive oxygen species after coexposure to diesel exhaust particles and endotoxin. The effect of early versus later exposure to traffic-related particles, however, remains to be studied because of the high correlation between exposure throughout the first 3 years of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…A total of 37 samples were below the lower limit of detection (6 endotoxin units/ mg of dust). Endotoxin levels below the LOD were analyzed as LOD/2 (34,35).…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Traffic-related Particles and Endotoxin during Infancy Is Associated with Wheezing at Age 3 Years

Ryan¹,

Bernstein²,

Lockey³

et al. 2009

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

106

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“…Other studies of exposure to dogs have suggested that protection against wheezing may be mediated by high levels of endotoxin. 130 Gene-by-environment interactions The effects of gene-by-environment interactions in asthma are complex. In some cases the genes code for enzymes that detoxify inhaled agents (e.g., glutathione transferase genes and environmental pollution), whereas in other cases, the exposures may have a more direct effect on gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation or histone modification.…”

Section: Allergic Sensitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma: epidemiology, etiology and risk factors

Subbarao¹,

Mandhane²,

Sears³

2009

Canadian Medical Association Journal

432

303

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“…Previous studies have mainly focused on cat allergen exposure and cat ownership, while not many prospective studies have specifically discussed the effect of childhood dog contact. Cohort studies have associated early childhood dog ownership with reduced risk of wheezing [1][2][3] and ALMQVIST et al [4] have reported that dog ownership in infancy seems to reduce the risk of asthma. Conversely, the Dutch Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy cohort has reported that infancy dog allergen exposure has no effect on the development of wheezing or asthma [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dog ownership and contact during childhood and later allergy development

Cm¹,

Morgenstern²,

Bischof³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

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The effect of dog ownership during childhood on the development of allergy has been investigated in few studies with conflicting results. The association between dog contact and indoor endotoxin exposure during infancy and the development of allergic sensitisation and atopic disease up to age 6 yrs was investigated.Two ongoing birth cohorts, the German Infant Nutrition Intervention Programme (GINI; n51,962) and the Influences of Lifestyle Related Factors on the Human Immune System and Development of Allergies in Children (LISA; n51,193), were analysed. In both studies, information on children's contact with dogs and their allergic symptoms and doctor-diagnosed allergic disease were collected during follow-up using questionnaires. Specific immunoglobulin E to common aeroallergens was measured at age 6 yrs. House dust samples were collected at age 3 months and the amount of endotoxin was determined.Dog ownership in early childhood was associated with a significantly lower rate of mixed pollen and inhalant sensitisation but not with dog sensitisation or allergic symptoms and diseases up to age 6 yrs. Regular contact with dogs, without ownership, during childhood was not associated with those health outcomes. No associations were found between house dust endotoxin exposure during infancy and sensitisation outcomes.In conclusion, dog ownership in early childhood protects against the development of inhalant sensitisation and this effect cannot be attributed to the simultaneous exposure to endotoxin.

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Influence of dog ownership and high endotoxin on wheezing and atopy during infancy

Abstract: Background-Increased exposure to microbial products early in life may protect from development of atopic disorders in childhood. Few studies have examined the relationship of endotoxin exposure and pet ownership on atopy and wheezing during infancy.

Cited by 96 publications

References 47 publications

Exposure to Traffic-related Particles and Endotoxin during Infancy Is Associated with Wheezing at Age 3 Years

Exposure to Traffic-related Particles and Endotoxin during Infancy Is Associated with Wheezing at Age 3 Years

Asthma: epidemiology, etiology and risk factors

Dog ownership and contact during childhood and later allergy development

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