Influence of Dispersants on the Bioavailability of Naphthalene from the Water-Accommodated Fraction Crude Oil to the Golden-Brown Algae, Isochrysis galbana

Wolfe, M.F.; Schwartz, Guy; Singaram, S.; Mielbrecht, Eric; Tjeerdema, Ronald S.

doi:10.1007/s002449900376

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…It is possible that these compounds were readily taken up by the cells, resulting in a rapid decrease in water concentrations to below the detection limit of the technique. Wolfe et al (1998) also observed an initial rapid association of naphthalene with a maximum algal uptake within the first hour of exposure.…”

Section: Relevance Of Wsf Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 75%

Non-synergistic effects of water-soluble crude oil and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on a natural plankton assemblage

Sargian¹,

Mostajir²,

Chatila³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The present study demonstrates the effects of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of a crude oil, enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR: 280 to 320 nm), and the combination of WSF and enhanced UVBR on a natural plankton assemblage (<150 μm) isolated from the lower St. Lawrence Estuary. To study the separate and dual effects of WSF and UVBR, 12 microcosms (9 l) were immersed in the water column of larger mesocosms (polyethylene bags; 1800 l), providing 4 treatments, each in triplicate: (1) NUVBR + WSF (natural UVBR with WSF), (2) HUVBR + WSF (enhanced UVBR with WSF), (3) NUVBR (natural UVBR without WSF), and (4) HUVBR (enhanced UVBR without WSF). During 5 d we monitored the incident radiation, WSF and nutrient concentrations, abundance and production of heterotrophic bacteria and phytoplankton. Strong deleterious effects of WSF and lower effects of UVBR were observed on the phytoplankton assemblage, with a decrease in growth rates accompanied by an increase in mean cell size which reflected a perturbation of the cell division cycle. Using the NUVBR treatement as reference conditions, the above effects resulted in a reduction of 84, 79 and 60% of total abundance of the phytoplankton fraction < 20 μm in the HUVBR + WSF, NUVBR + WSF and HUVBR treatments, respectively. Significant higher values of bacterial abundances were observed in the WSF-added treatments compared to NUVBR without WSF. However, bacterial thymidine incorporation exhibited diel variations, suggesting cumulative UVBR-induced DNA and/or PAHinduced DNA damages, and possible repair mechanisms with the co-occurrence of more available growth substrates from stressed phytoplankton. The absence of significant differences between both WSF-added treatments under the 2 different UVBR conditions suggests that there is no additive interaction between WSF and UVBR. This study provides therefore the first evidence of a non-synergistic interaction between both stresses, and suggests that UVBR-induced effects on marine microorganisms can be completely masked by the strong deleterious effects of soluble petroleum hydrocarbons.KEY WORDS: Ultraviolet radiation · Dissolved hydrocarbons · Non-synergistic effect · Phytoplankton · BacteriaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Relevance Of Wsf Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 75%

Non-synergistic effects of water-soluble crude oil and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on a natural plankton assemblage

Sargian¹,

Mostajir²,

Chatila³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Singer et al, 2000). The major constituent of WAF for the duration of the exposure period was the highly soluble bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon naphthalene (also reported as the major constituent of WAF by Wolfe et al, 1998 andBarron et al, 1999). Previous and more sophisticated chemical analyses of WAF generated using the same technique as used in this study have additionally identified an unresolved complex mixture of PAHs (UCM) which cannot be resolved into individual compounds and the toxicity of which remains unclear (Scarlett et al, 2007;Smith et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Prolonged turbulent mixing by wind and currents results in the release of a water accommodated (or soluble) fraction (WAF) mainly comprised of naphthalene (Rossi & Anderson, 1976;Wolfe et al, 1998;Barron et al, 1999;Pollino & Holdway, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive toxicity of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of crude oil in the polychaetes Arenicola marina (L.) and Nereis virens (Sars)

2008

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Accidental pollution incidents are common in the marine environment and are often caused by oil related activities. Here the potential of such an incident to disrupt reproduction in two polychaete species is investigated, using an environmentally relevant preparation of weathered Forties crude oil, i.e. the water accommodated fraction (WAF). Oocytes were collected and exposed to three concentrations of WAF for 1 hour prior to the addition of sperm, so that fertilization took place under exposure conditions. Fertilization success was significantly reduced in both species by an exposure to WAF concentrations equivalent to 0.38 mg L -1 PAHs, to just 26.8%in Arenicola marina compared to 76% in Nereis virens. The effects of WAF exposure on fertilization were greatly enhanced at lower sperm concentrations in N. virens, with a complete lack of fertilization reactions observed at sperm concentrations of 10 3 sperm per ml. We therefore suggest a mechanism of toxicity related to sperm swimming behaviour, resulting in reduced sperm: egg collision rates. WAF was found to reduce post-fertilization development rates and have teratogenic effects on early embryonic stages in both species. These results illustrate how the presence of crude oil in its soluble form in seawater at the time of a spawning event for either 2 Arenicola marina or Nereis virens could impact on fertilization success with implications for the fertilization ecology of these free spawning marine invertebrates.

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“…Davenport (1982) demonstrated that diatom populations are affected severely by hydrocarbon concentration. Aromatic hydrocarbons are one of the most important inhibitors of the growth of microalgae (Walker et al, 1975;Cerniglia, 1981;Wolfe et al, 1998;González et al, 2009). Their effects include immediate toxicity due to the soluble aromatic fraction, prolonged toxicity due to persistent products, and altered physical-chemical conditions below the floating oil (for example, temperature changes).…”

Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of crude oil on marine microbial communities in short term outdoor microcosms

et al. 2010

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To assess the effects of crude oil spills on marine microbial communities, 10 L outdoor microcosms were manipulated over an exposure period of 8 days. The responses of microbial organisms exposed to five crude oil concentrations in 10 to 10,000 ppm (v/v) were monitored in the microcosms. The abundance of microalgae and copepods decreased rapidly upon the addition of crude oil at concentrations over 1,000 ppm, whereas the total density of heterotrophic bacteria increased dramatically at the higher concentrations. Bacterial diversity, determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, was increased at higher concentrations. In particular, the intensity of the bands representing Jannaschia sp. and Sulfitobacter brevis increased with the addition of oil. These results indicate that crude oil spills with concentrations over 1,000 ppm seriously affected the structure of the microbial communities.

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Influence of Dispersants on the Bioavailability of Naphthalene from the Water-Accommodated Fraction Crude Oil to the Golden-Brown Algae, Isochrysis galbana

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

Non-synergistic effects of water-soluble crude oil and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on a natural plankton assemblage

Non-synergistic effects of water-soluble crude oil and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on a natural plankton assemblage

Reproductive toxicity of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of crude oil in the polychaetes Arenicola marina (L.) and Nereis virens (Sars)

Effects of crude oil on marine microbial communities in short term outdoor microcosms

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