Influence of direct reduced iron on the energy balance of the electric arc furnace in steel industry

Kirschen, Marcus; Badr, Karim; Pfeifer, Herbert

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.07.050

Cited by 148 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Electric power consumption, kWh per ton of tapped steel (13), an increase of 10% in (DRI/HBI) % leads to an increase in electric power consumption by 14.5 kWh/t of liquid steel under the conditions of investigation .The electric energy consumption 384.8 kWh/t which close to the data published in previous study [5] 390 kWh/t at 0% DRI .…”

Section: Electric Consumption and Dri /Hbi % In Eaf Charge MIXsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Moreover, having an acidic slag caused by the SiO 2 -, Al 2 O 3 -containing gangue materials in the DRI, it is also obvious that the specific consumption of lime and dolomite increases to manage the appropriate slag basicity near xCaO/xSiO 2 = 2. Due to the increasing slag masses by increasing the DRI in metallic charge, one need again longer melting time to bring the slag into solution and accordingly need more electrical energy consumption [5],and this also the reason for increasing lime, total flux consumption and then slag quantity.…”

Section: Effect Of Dri /Hbi Addition In Eaf Charge On Power On Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing DRI/HBI results in an increase FeO in EAF bath which requires more additional carbon to be reduced to metallic iron and hence more oxygen for foamy slag in EAF process [5]. oxygen consumption and (DRI/HBI) %…”

Section: Total Oxygen Consumption Versus Dri /Hbi Ratio In Eaf Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Cr+Ni+Cu+Sn)%=0.3225−0.001174 (DRI/HBI)% (7) For the production of high quality steel grades from scrap with varying quality and chemical composition, the compliance with high purity levels is sometimes only achieved with dilution of compliance with high purity levels is sometimes only achieved with dilution of unwanted tramp elements as Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mo, and Sn with highly pure substituting material direct reduced iron [5]. …”

Section: Total Residual Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Direct Reduced Iron Proportion in Metallic Charge on Technological Parameters of EAF Steelmaking Process

2016

IJSR

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Abstract:The data obtained from industrial heats carried out in 185-ton electric arc furnace (EAF) were used to study the effect of direct reduced iron (DRI) percentage in metallic charge on the different steelmaking parameters and consumption figures. The present study carried out in a wide range of DRI percentage, 0-90% of metallic charge, and the results have been statistically analyzed to correlate the percentage of DRI with the different consumption figures of electric energy, oxygen, coke and fluxing materials. In addition, the influence of DRI percentage on contents of tramp and detrimental elements affecting on steel quality has been also investigated. The results reveal improving the steel quality by increasing DRI percentage, as the tramp elements (Cu, Sn, Ni, Cr) and detrimental elements (P, S) and also nitrogen, all decrease by increasing the percentage of DRI in the metallic charge. On the other hand, the increase in DRI percentage leads to increase in the consumptions (per ton of liquid steel) of electric energy, oxygen, coke and fluxing materials. Furthermore, the metallic yield decreases and the power on time and hence the tap-to-tap time increase as DRI percentage increases. With using higher DRI percentage in the charge, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of produced hot rolled bars of low carbon steel slightly decrease whereas elongation increases.

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Section: Electric Consumption and Dri /Hbi % In Eaf Charge MIXsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Effect Of Dri /Hbi Addition In Eaf Charge On Power On Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Oxygen Consumption Versus Dri /Hbi Ratio In Eaf Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Residual Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Direct Reduced Iron Proportion in Metallic Charge on Technological Parameters of EAF Steelmaking Process

2016

IJSR

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“…In this sense, many researchers have been focusing their efforts on improving the efficiency in EAFs; for example, Trejo et al [4] analyzed the components that decrease furnace efficiency and introduced a novel estimation of electrical and cooling losses in EAFs. Kirschen et al [5] presented a model of EAF energy efficiency which is based on closed mass and energy balance of the EAF melting process, and Hocine et al [6] presents an improvement of EAF operation with appropriate models and discusses all the factors that play a role in the melting process. In [7], the effect of voltage flicker on the systems with EAF, random, and sinusoidal voltage flickers are studied, which made it possible to introduce a new more realistic time domain model for EAFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Arc Furnace Modeling with Artificial Neural Networks and Arc Length with Variable Voltage Gradient

Garcia-Segura

Castillo

Martell³

et al. 2017

Energies

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Electric arc furnaces (EAFs) contribute to almost one third of the global steel production. Arc furnaces use a large amount of electrical energy to process scrap or reduced iron and are relevant to study because small improvements in their efficiency account for significant energy savings. Optimal controllers need to be designed and proposed to enhance both process performance and energy consumption. Due to the random and chaotic nature of the electric arcs, neural networks and other soft computing techniques have been used for modeling EAFs. This study proposes a methodology for modeling EAFs that considers the time varying arc length as a relevant input parameter to the arc furnace model. Based on actual voltages and current measurements taken from an arc furnace, it was possible to estimate an arc length suitable for modeling the arc furnace using neural networks. The obtained results show that the model reproduces not only the stable arc conditions but also the unstable arc conditions, which are difficult to identify in a real heat process. The presented model can be applied for the development and testing of control systems to improve furnace energy efficiency and productivity.

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6.5.3 Graphite Electrodes for Electric Arc Furnaces

Steppich

2021

Industrial Carbon and Graphite Materials, Volume I

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Influence of direct reduced iron on the energy balance of the electric arc furnace in steel industry

Cited by 148 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Direct Reduced Iron Proportion in Metallic Charge on Technological Parameters of EAF Steelmaking Process

Effect of Direct Reduced Iron Proportion in Metallic Charge on Technological Parameters of EAF Steelmaking Process

Electric Arc Furnace Modeling with Artificial Neural Networks and Arc Length with Variable Voltage Gradient

6.5.3 Graphite Electrodes for Electric Arc Furnaces

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