Influence of Different Pretreatments on the Antibacterial Properties of Chitosan Functionalized Viscose Fabric: TEMPO Oxidation and Coating with TEMPO Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to obtain chitosan functionalized viscose fabric with improved antibacterial properties and washing durability. In this regard carboxyl and aldehyde groups, as binding points for irreversible chitosan attachment into/onto viscose fabric, were introduced by two different pretreatments: 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxy radical (TEMPO) oxidation and coating with TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCN). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, zeta potential measurements, scanning electron microscopy, breaking strength and antibacterial testing were used to evaluate the influence of these pretreatments on chitosan binding, but also on chemical, electrokinetic, morphological, mechanical and antibacterial properties of pretreated and chitosan functionalized viscose fabrics. Washing durability of chitosan functionalized viscose was monitored through changes in the chitosan content, electrokinetic and antibacterial properties after multiple washing. TOCN coating improves mechanical properties of fabric, while TEMPO oxidation deteriorates them. The results show that both pretreatments improve chitosan adsorption and thus antibacterial properties, which are highly durable to washing. After five washings, the chitosan functionalized pretreated viscose fabrics preserve their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was lost. TOCN coated and chitosan functionalized viscose fabric is a high value-added product with simultaneously improved antibacterial and mechanical properties, which may find application as medical textiles.

Halochromic cellulose textile obtained via dyeing with biocolorant isolated from Streptomyces sp. strain NP4

“…3, some of these peaks are overlapped with band of absorbed water at 1640 cm -1 . In CV/CS, the 2880 cm -1 (CH stretching in cellulose II) is also shifted towards higher wavenumber, 2890 cm -1 , while intensity of the band in the region 3000-3600 cm -1 decreased and a shift occurred from 3270 cm -1 to 3330 cm -1 con rming the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between CS and CV, as it was reported in other publications (Yang et al 2018;Korica et al 2019).…”

“…addition of chitosan (CV/CS) causes the shift from 890 cm -1 to peak at 893 cm -1 , which is known from literature as CS peak(Kim et al 2017;Korica et al 2019). The band at 989 cm -1 corresponds to C-O valence vibration at C6 atom(Schwanninger et al 2004;Korica et al 2019) and a shift to 993 cm -1 indicates that OH group on C6 atom is involved in interaction with chitosan during deposition, probably via hydrogen bonding. Additional speci c peaks of chitosan have been reported in other publications,…”

“…shows the typical cellulose II peaks, vibration of the β-glycosidic ring or deformation at C1 in cellulose II at 890 cm -1 , C-O stretching of cellulose II at 1035 cm -1 , CH 2 wagging vibration at 1316 cm -1 and C-H deformation in cellulose II at 1364 cm -1 ; a broad band at 1640cm-1 originates from absorbed water, 1735 cm -1 from carbonyl signal (C=O), 2880 cm -1 represents C-H stretching in cellulose II and amorphous cellulose, and, a broad band in the region of 3000-3600 cm-1 originates from hydrogen-bonded OH groups in cellulose(Schwanninger et al 2004;Široký et al 2010;Kim et al 2017;Korica et al 2019). …”

The Chitosan Implementation into Cotton and Polyester/Cotton Blend Fabrics

“…In the papers that are related to chitosan treatment of cellulose and polyester material, and its blends, chitosan was applied dissolved in acid, usually hydrochloric [13][14][15][16] or acetic acid [18]; or, in the form of nanoparticles from polyelectrolyte complex with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) [17]. Such an application leads to good antimicrobial properties, but it is not durable.…”

Comprehensive Property Investigation of Mold Inhibitor Treated Raw Cotton and Ramie Fabric

“…Since a huge amount of cotton and ramie are produced, transported, and warehoused every year, mildew prevention measures are of vital importance to avoid unexpected loss. A variety of mold-inhibitors are applied to cotton and ramie fabric to keep it free of mildew [1][2][3]. The main types of mildew preventives include propionic acid and its salts, [4] sorbic acid and its salts, [5] methyl fumarate [6], and p-hydroxybenzoate compounds [7].…”