Influence of Dietary Selenium Yeast Supplementation on Fermentation Pattern, Papillae Morphology and Antioxidant Status in Rumen of Goat

Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Rumen Microbiota, Rumen Fermentation, and Apparent Nutrient Digestibility of Ruminant Animals: A Review

“…In addition, Se yeast-extract increased the activities of gammaglutamyl transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase in the rumen fluid of lambs [105] as well as the activities of alkaline phosphatase and glutamate dehydrogenase in the ruminal fluid of Se-treated sheep [106]. Likewise, GSH-Px activity increased in the ruminal epithelium of Se-treated goats [82]. In fewer studies, Se supplementation did not exhibit a significant effect on alanine aminotransferase [105,106], alkaline phosphatase [105], aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase [106], carboxymethyl cellulase [77,78,80], and cellobiase [77,80] in the ruminal fluid.…”

“…In one study, Se was supplemented to grass as a fertilizer [25]; in another study, Se was provided to animals orally [76]; and in the rest of the studies, Se was mixed with the diet. As shown in Table 1, different dietary Se species increased total VFA concentrations and molar proportions of propionate in the rumen fluid of dairy cows [24,26,69,77], Holstein bulls [78,79], Holstein dairy calves [80], goats [81,82], sheep [25,73,75,83], and lambs [84,85]. Lambs and sheep fed organic or inorganic Se diet exhibited an increase in the production of ruminal acetate, iso-butyrate, and iso-valerate compared with the control group [83][84][85].…”

“…Se supplements decreased rumen pH and NH 3 -N concentration in dairy cows [24,26,69,77], steers [78,79,86], Holstein dairy calves [80], goats [81,82], sheep [73,75,83], and lambs [85]. On the other hand, ruminal NH 3 -N concentrations in the rumen of rams receiving the medium level of Se yeast were higher than those in high and low Se yeast groups and the control group [25].…”

“…Ruminal pH values ranged between 5.40 and 6.98. However, pH below 6 was reported only in four studies [69,81,82,88], and most studies reported pH above six. The latter may be optimum for the growth of cellulolytic bacteria as well as for nutrient degradation [135].…”

“…Diets used in eight studies were total mixed ration [24,69,74,77,78,80,94,98]; grass was used in three studies [25,29,92] while diets in the rest of the studies comprised concentrate feed mixture and roughage [26,73,75,76,79,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][95][96][97][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106]. Positive effects of Se supplementation on fermentation were noted in animals receiving diets low in Se [76,113,133].…”