Influence of dietary pattern on the development of overweight in a Chinese population

Abstract

Objective: To examine dietary factors predisposing to overweight and obesity, taking into account age, gender, education level and physical activity. Design: Longitudinal population study. Setting: Community living subjects in Hong Kong. Subjects: One thousand and ten Chinese subjects participating in a territory wide dietary and cardiovascular risk factor prevalence survey in 1995-1996 were followed up for 5-9 years. Measurements: Body mass index (BMI) was measured. Information was collected on factors predisposing to development of overweight and obesity (age, gender, education level, physical activity, macronutrient intake, Mediterranean diet score and food variety), and the predisposing dietary factors examined, adjusted for other confounding factors, using logistic regression. Results: The 5-9-year incidence of overweight is 22.6% (BMI X23 kg/m 2 , 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 15.0-30.1%) or 11.5% (BMI X25 kg/m 2 , 95% CI ¼ 7.3-15.7%), and for obesity (BMI X30 kg/m 2 ) is 0.6% (95% CI ¼ À0.2-1.4%). The corresponding figures for women were 14.1% (95% CI ¼ 8.8-19.5%), 9.7% (95% CI ¼ 6.0-13.4%) and 3% (95% CI ¼ 1.3-4.8%). After adjusting for confounding factors (age, sex, education and physical activity), increased variety of snack consumption was associated with increased risk of developing overweight (BMI X23 kg/m 2 ) in the Hong Kong Chinese population over a 5-9-year period. Conclusion: Increased variety of snack consumption may predispose to weight gain over a 5-9-year period.

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, long-term weight change, and incident overweight or obesity: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort

“…However, some trials have shown a beneficial association of the Mediterranean dietary pattern with weight loss (7), and the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort confirmed a reduction in incident obesity associated with a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet, although it was restricted only to overweight subjects (8). Another cohort did not find any association (9). In addition, a previous assessment in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (University of Navarra Follow-Up Study) (SUN) cohort with only 2.3 y of follow-up showed no significant association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and weight changes (10).…”

Association of dietary pattern and physical activity level with triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio among adults in Jiangsu, China: a cross-sectional study with sex-specific differences

“…In middle-aged participants in the Framingham Heart Study, soft drink consumption was found to be associated with higher prevalence and incidence of multiple metabolic risk factors [37]. Using a longitudinal study, Woo et al [38] found that increased snack consumption, which was mostly high in energy, was associated with increased risk of developing overweight in the Hong Kong Chinese population. In contrast, we observed that high factor scores with the high-energy food pattern were associated with much lower risk of a high TG/HDL-C ratio among women.…”

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, bone mineral density, and non-vertebral fracture risk in community-dwelling older men: results from Mr. Os, Hong Kong

“…The DQI-I has also been used to evaluate the quality of diet in a Chinese population [32]. Four major aspects of the diet are assessed: variety, adequacy, moderation, and overall balance, each with subcomponents.…”