Influence of dietary nitrate food forms on nitrate metabolism and blood pressure in healthy normotensive adults

McDonagh, Sinéad T J; Wylie, Lee J.; Webster, James; Vanhatalo, Anni; Jones, Andrew M.

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2017.12.001

Cited by 40 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Such studies may perhaps contribute to more specific dietary recommendations to prevent cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Future studies investigating cardiovascular health following nitrate supplementation should consider the dietary nitrate food forms used as they have been reported to influence bioactivation and hence the blood pressure‐lowering effects of nitrate, at least in healthy normotensive adults …”

Section: Human Studies On Blood Pressure and Dietary Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms underlying blood pressure reduction by dietary inorganic nitrate

2018

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Nitric oxide (NO) importantly contributes to cardiovascular homeostasis by regulating blood flow and maintaining endothelial integrity. Conversely, reduced NO bioavailability is a central feature during natural ageing and in many cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension. The inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite are endogenously formed after oxidation of NO synthase (NOS)-derived NO and are also present in our daily diet. Knowledge accumulated over the past two decades has demonstrated that these anions can be recycled back to NO and other bioactive nitrogen oxides via serial reductions that involve oral commensal bacteria and various enzymatic systems. Intake of inorganic nitrate, which is predominantly found in green leafy vegetables and beets, has a variety of favourable cardiovascular effects. As hypertension is a major risk factor of morbidity and mortality worldwide, much attention has been paid to the blood pressure reducing effect of inorganic nitrate. Here, we describe how dietary nitrate, via stimulation of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, affects various organ systems and discuss underlying mechanisms that may contribute to the observed blood pressure-lowering effect.

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Section: Human Studies On Blood Pressure and Dietary Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms underlying blood pressure reduction by dietary inorganic nitrate

2018

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“…In contrast to the study by Kukadia et al (2019), Webb et al (2008) also showed a significantly reduced SBP at 24 h after BRJ ingestion, however, there were no significant differences in diastolic DBP at 24 h after BRJ consumption. Hobbs et al (2012) and Sinead et al (2017) support this finding (Hobbs et al 2012;McDonagh et al 2018).…”

Section: Effect On Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 85%

“…However, Kapil et al (2010) also found a significant systolic BP reduction after non-concentrated BRJ consumption (Kapil et al 2010). Several of these studies have in common that the largest reduction in systolic BP (SBP) occurs 3 h after BRJ consumption (Breese et al 2017;Kapil et al 2010;McDonagh et al 2018;Raubenheimer et al 2017). Burleigh et al (2019) found a peak SBP reduction after a couple of hours of BRJ ingestion, however, this reduction dissipated after 10 h, suggesting that daily doses of nitrate would be needed for a sustained BP reduction (Burleigh et al 2019).…”

Section: Effect On Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…NO is known to be a potent vasodilator, and BRJ was indeed shown to cause a BP reduction (Curry et al 2016;Hobbs et al 2012;Jonvik et al 2016;Kapil et al 2010;McDonagh et al 2018;Raubenheimer et al 2017;Webb et al 2008). This effect is especially significant when concentrated BRJ is compared to non-concentrated BRJ, beetrootflapjack and BRJ containing soluble beetroot-crystals (McDonagh et al 2018). However, Kapil et al (2010) also found a significant systolic BP reduction after non-concentrated BRJ consumption (Kapil et al 2010).…”

Section: Effect On Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Webb et al (2008) studied whether consumption of dietary nitrate through BRJ leads to acute BP reduction following bioconversion by oral bacteria to nitrite and subsequently to NO (Webb et al 2008). NO is known to be a potent vasodilator, and BRJ was indeed shown to cause a BP reduction (Curry et al 2016;Hobbs et al 2012;Jonvik et al 2016;Kapil et al 2010;McDonagh et al 2018;Raubenheimer et al 2017;Webb et al 2008). This effect is especially significant when concentrated BRJ is compared to non-concentrated BRJ, beetrootflapjack and BRJ containing soluble beetroot-crystals (McDonagh et al 2018).…”

Section: Effect On Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The benefits and risks of beetroot juice consumption: a systematic review

Zamani

Joode

Hossein

et al. 2020

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Beetroot juice (BRJ) has become increasingly popular amongst athletes aiming to improve sport performances. BRJ contains high concentrations of nitrate, which can be converted into nitric oxide (NO) after consumption. NO has various functions in the human body, including a vasodilatory effect, which reduces blood pressure and increases oxygen-and nutrient delivery to various organs. These effects indicate that BRJ may have relevant applications in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the consumption of BRJ also has an impact on oxygen delivery to skeletal muscles, muscle efficiency, tolerance and endurance and may thus have a positive impact on sports performances. Aside from the beneficial aspects of BRJ consumption, there may also be potential health risks. Drinking BRJ may easily increase nitrate intake above the acceptable daily intake, which is known to stimulate the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC's), a class of compounds that is known to be carcinogenic and that may also induce several other adverse effects. Compared to studies on the beneficial effects, the amount of data and literature on the negative effects of BRJ is rather limited, and should be increased in order to perform a balanced risk assessment.

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