Influence of dietary background on the response of pigs to the β-adrenergic agonist BRL 476722

Mitchell, A. D.; Steele, N. C.; Solomon, M.B.; Alila, Hector W.; Lindsey, T. O.; Cracknell, V.

doi:10.2527/1994.7261516x

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Some similar effects have been pointed out in pigs after a treatment with ractopamin, that decreases adiposity and intramuscular lipid content and increases muscular mass [30,46]. Thus, even though the effects of these growth factors can be considered to be beneficial for the quality of the carcass, there is a real problem concerning food security, not to mention the negative image of products resulting from treatment of the animals with hormonal factors.…”

Section: Effect Of Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Lipids in monogastric animal meat

2001

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-Meat from monogastric animals, essentially pigs and poultry, is from afar the most consumed of all meats. Meat products from every species have their own characteristics. For a long time, pig meat has been presented as a fatty meat because of the importance of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Actually, when the visible fat is separated, this meat is rather poor in lipids: pieces eaten as fresh meat and without transformation, such as roasts, contain less then 2% total lipids. Poultry meat has always had a reputation of leanness because of its low content in intramuscular lipids. In addition, adipose tissues, localised in the abdominal cavity, are easily separable. The progress in genetics and a better knowledge of dietary needs has allowed to improve growth performances, to increase muscle weight and, in the pig, to strongly decrease carcass adiposity. However, strong contradictions appear between transformers and nutritionists, especially concerning the pig: the former wish to have meat with adipose tissues containing a high percentage of saturated fatty acids and the latter wish meat with more unsaturated fatty acids. The consumer, however, regrets the pigs of yesteryear or the poultry bred on farmyard that had tastier meat. At the same time, however, they request meat with a low fat content, which is paradoxical. meat / pig / poultry / lipid / fatty acidRésumé -Les lipides dans la viande des animaux monogastriques. La viande des animaux monogastriques terrestres, essentiellement les porcs et les volailles, est, de loin, la plus consommée. Les produits carnés de chaque espèce ont chacun leurs caractéristiques. La viande de porc a longtemps été présentée comme une viande grasse en raison de l'importance de la masse adipeuse de couverture. En réalité, quand le gras visible est écarté, cette viande apparaît assez pauvre en lipides car les morceaux consommés en frais et sans transformation, comme les rôtis, contiennent moins de 2 % de lipides totaux. Celle de volaille a toujours eu une réputation de viande maigre en raison de sa faible teneur en lipides intramusculaires, tandis que les dépôts adipeux, bien localisés au niveau de la cavité abdominale, sont facilement séparables. La sélection génétique, la meilleure connaissance des besoins alimentaires et des matières premières ont permis d'améliorer les performances d'élevage, d'augmenter les masses musculaires et chez le porc de diminuer fortement l'adiposité globale de la carcasse. De fortes contradictions apparaissent cependant entre les transformateurs, surtout dans le cas du porc, qui Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) [109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118] 109

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Section: Effect Of Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Lipids in monogastric animal meat

2001

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“…24 Homogenized tissue samples were analyzed for fat content after chloroform/methanol extraction by methods previously published 25 and for water content by lyophilization. Briefly, piglets o5 kg were autoclaved at 121 1C for 2 h, cooled to 3 1C and then homogenized for 1 min in a food processor (Model R10, Robot Coupe, Ridgeland, MS, USA).…”

Section: Chemical Carcass Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

QMR: validation of an infant and children body composition instrument using piglets against chemical analysis

2010

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Objective: This study was undertaken to validate the first quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (QMR) instrument designed and built to assess body composition in children from birth to adulthood (up to 50 kg). Design: A total of 50 pigs weighing between 3.0 and 49.1 kg were studied. Each piglet's body composition was assessed by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (QMR, EchoMRI-AH small), whole-body chemical carcass analysis for lipid and water content, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic QDR 4500, using infant or adult whole-body scan acquisition programs where appropriate). Twenty-five piglets (3.1-47.2 kg) were randomly selected to calibrate the QMR instrument. The remaining 25 piglets (3.0-49.1 kg) were used to validate the instrument. Results: The precision of QMR to estimate fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water (TBW) for five consecutive scans was excellent (1.3, 0.9 and 0.9%, respectively). QMR measures of FM were highly and significantly correlated with chemical carcass analyses and DXA measures (r 2 ¼ 0.99 and r 2 ¼ 0.98, respectively). QMR and DXA FFM results were highly correlated (R 2 ¼ 0.99, Po0.01). TBW measures were strongly correlated between QMR and carcass analyses (R 2 ¼ 0.99, Po0.01). QMR overestimated FM by 2% and DXA measures (using the infant and adult scan programs) overestimated FM by 15% on average. Conclusion: QMR provides precise and accurate measures of FM, FFM and TBW in piglets weighing up to 50 kg. As the piglet is considered to be an excellent model of human development, these data suggest that QMR should provide the opportunity to acquire valuable body composition data in longitudinal studies in children, which is not possible or practical with other commercially available instrumentation.

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“…In pigs, the action of beta-agonists increase dietary protein and energy requirements (Mitchell et al, 1991(Mitchell et al, , 1994Oksbjerg et al, 1994). The maximal growth response to beta-agonists in chickens may also be dependent upon the dietary protein content and net protein intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combined effects of clenbuterol and various concentrations of protein on performance of broiler chickens

Hamano

Kume²,

Yamazaki³

et al. 1998

British Poultry Science

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1. The effects of the beta-adrenergic agonist, clenbuterol (1 mg/kg diet) on the growth and muscle composition in female broiler chickens (14 to 32 d of age) fed on diets containing various concentrations of protein (220, 240 or 260 g protein/kg) were examined. 2. Body weight gain over the 18 d period increased linearly with increasing protein intake. The rate of gain was significantly higher in clenbuterol-treated chickens than in control birds. 3. Dietary clenbuterol increased thigh muscle weight and protein concentration of breast and thigh muscle, regardless of dietary protein content. Protein/DNA ratio in thigh muscle was enhanced by clenbuterol feeding, and the magnitude of difference of the ratio was higher in chickens fed on the 240 and 260 g CP/kg diets than in those fed the 220 g CP/kg diet. 4. It was concluded that clenbuterol-treated chickens require increased dietary protein to maintain maximal growth, and that increased protein consumption is an important factor in improving growth in clenbuterol-fed broilers.

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Influence of dietary background on the response of pigs to the β-adrenergic agonist BRL 476722

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Lipids in monogastric animal meat

Lipids in monogastric animal meat

QMR: validation of an infant and children body composition instrument using piglets against chemical analysis

Combined effects of clenbuterol and various concentrations of protein on performance of broiler chickens

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