Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Glycaemic Control on the Characteristics and Outcome of Common Infections

Leibovici, L.; Yehezkelli, Yoav; Porter, Andrew; Regev, Arie; Krauze, I.; Harell, Daniella

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199605)13:5<457::aid-dia83>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 90 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Evidence suggests that diabetic patients have an increased prevalence of staphylococcal carriage [58], although this is not a consistent finding [59]. Poor glycaemic control appears to be a major predisposing factor [58,[60][61][62]. In type 1 diabetic children, nasal carriage of S. aureus is higher (>70% in some studies) than in both age-matched controls and older type 2 patients [58,59], and similar to that in young intravenous drug users [63].…”

Section: Skin Nail Mucous Membrane and Soft Tissue Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common infections in diabetes: pathogenesis, management and relationship to glycaemic control

Peleg

Weerarathna

McCarthy

et al. 2006

Diabetes Metabolism Res

499

406

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SummarySpecific defects in innate and adaptive immune function have been identified in diabetic patients in a range of in vitro studies. However, the relevance of these findings to the integrated response to infection in vivo remains unclear, especially in patients with good glycaemic control. Vaccine efficacy seems adequate in most diabetic patients, but those with type 1 diabetes and high glycosylated haemoglobin levels are most likely to exhibit hyporesponsiveness. While particular infections are closely associated with diabetes, this is usually in the context of extreme metabolic disturbances such as ketoacidosis. The link between glycaemic control and the risk of common community-acquired infections is less well established but could be clarified if infection data from large community-based observational or intervention studies were available. The relationship between hospital-acquired infections and diabetes is well recognized, particularly among post-operative cardiac and critically ill surgical patients in whom intensive insulin therapy improves clinical outcome independent of glycaemia. Nevertheless, further research is needed to improve our understanding of the role of diabetes and glycaemic control in the pathogenesis and management of community-and hospitalacquired infections.

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Section: Skin Nail Mucous Membrane and Soft Tissue Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common infections in diabetes: pathogenesis, management and relationship to glycaemic control

Peleg

Weerarathna

McCarthy

et al. 2006

Diabetes Metabolism Res

499

406

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Evaluar los antecedentes médicos y sistema inmune del paciente existen ciertas condiciones médicas que pueden interferir con la función del sistema inmune, lo cual es esencial en la defensa del paciente contra las Ios. la diabetes mellitus (DM) es la enfermedad más prevalente que afecta al sistema inmune 15 . el principal factor etiológico en la DM, que conduce a una disfunción en el sistema inmunológico es la hiperglicemia 15,16 .…”

Section: Compromiso De La Vía Aéreaunclassified

“…la diabetes mellitus (DM) es la enfermedad más prevalente que afecta al sistema inmune 15 . el principal factor etiológico en la DM, que conduce a una disfunción en el sistema inmunológico es la hiperglicemia 15,16 . todos los principales tipos celulares involucrados en el sistema inmune se ven afectados.…”

Section: Compromiso De La Vía Aéreaunclassified

Principios para el tratamiento de infecciones odontogénicas con distintos niveles de complejidad

2012

Rev Chil Cir

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Principles for the treatment of odontogenic infections with different levels of complexity odontogenic infections are one of the main causes of consultation in dental practice. these, affect individuals of all ages and are responsible for the majority of antibiotic prescriptions in the field of dentistry. odontogenic infections are generally underestimated in terms of morbidity and mortality, although the incidence and severity have decreased dramatically over the past 70 years. However, odontogenic infections can have varying degrees of severity and even some can be quite complex and need emergency care in a hospital setting under a specialist in oral and Maxillofacial surgery. odontogenic infections are commonly the result of pericoronitis, caries with pulp exposure, periodontitis or complication of a dental procedure. the literature contains various principles and approaches for odontogenic infections therefore the objective of our review is to establish a simplified manner based on the current literature, the principles that the clinician should follow to face odontogenic infections with different levels of complexity.Key words: odontogenic infection, odontogenic abscess, antibiotics.Resumen las infecciones odontogénicas son una de las principales causas de consulta en la práctica odontológi-ca. estas afectan a individuos de todas las edades y son responsables de la mayoría de las prescripciones de antibióticos en el campo de la odontología. las infecciones odontogénicas son generalmente subestimadas en términos de morbilidad y mortalidad, aunque su incidencia y severidad han bajado drásticamente en los últi-mos 70 años. sin embargo, estas infecciones pueden presentar distintos grados de severidad e incluso algunas pueden ser bastante complejas y necesitar una atención de emergencia en un ambiente hospitalario bajo un especialista en cirugía Bucal y Maxilofacial. las infecciones odontogénicas son comúnmente el resultado de una pericoronaritis, caries con exposición pulpar, periodontitis o la complicación de un procedimiento dental. . estas Ios pueden presentar distintos grados de severidad e incluso algunas pueden ser bastante complejas y necesitar atención de emergencia en un ambiente hospitalario bajo un especialista en cirugía Bucal y Maxilofacial.las Ios son generalmente subestimadas en térmi-nos de morbilidad y mortalidad, si bien la incidencia y severidad han bajado drásticamente en los últimos 70 años. Históricamente, la posibilidad de que un absceso de origen dental se propagara generando sepsis y la muerte ha sido conocido desde la antigüe-dad, aunque el rol de las bacterias en este proceso no fue descubierto hasta el siglo XX. cuando los certificados de defunción (Londres, Inglaterra) comenzaron a mostrar las causas de muerte a comienzos del 1600´s, las infecciones de origen dental ocupaban el sexto lugar 2 . en 1940, ahsbel Williams publicó una serie de 31 casos de angina de ludwig, la gran mayoría de origen dental, donde el 54% de los pacientes fallecieron 3 . tres años más tarde guralnic...

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“…Diabetes has also been known to affect cell and tissue metabolism in different ways and numerous research studies have demonstrated these effects in other chronic diseases, despite the fact that the precise mechanism of such alterations remains unclear. One of the studies, conducted by Lebovici et al, 1996), showed that a crucial risk factor for the evolution of an infectious process in the foot is the length of time the person has been a diabetic. The antibacterial activity shown by the essential oil from Lippia gracilis Schauer may be attributed to the presence of some components such as carvacrol, terpineol acetate, cymene, tymol, pinene, cineole and linalool, which are already known to exhibit antibacterial activity (Knobloch et al, 1985;Juven et al, 1994;Harborne & Williams, 1995;Kim et al, 1995;Cimanga et al, 2002;Albuquerque et al, 2007;Aguiar&Jaciana et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O oleo essencial de Lippia gracilis Schauer, Verbenaceae, em ratos diabeticos

Neto¹,

Matos²,

Andrade³

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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RESUMO: "O oleo essencial de Lippia gracilis Schauer, Verbenaceae, em ratos diabeticos". O óleo essencial das folhas de Lippia gracilis Schauer, Verbenaceae, foi examinado por CG e CG-MS. Quinze constituintes foram identificados, onde o carvacrol, p-cimeno e o γ-terpineno foram as substâncias majoritárias. No estudo in vitro, a solução a 5% do óleo de L. gracilis Schauer apresentou atividade antibacteriana para Staphylococcus aureus isolado de úlcera infectada de paciente diabético. O estudo avaliou a atividade antibacteriana da solução a 5% do óleo de L. gracilis Schauer em modelo experimental em diabetes utilizando ratos albinos Wistar machos com membro pélvico infectado com cepa de Staphylococcus aureus. No experimento foram utilizados 28 ratos Wistar distribuídos em quatro grupos (G1-branco, G2-controle negativo, G3-controle positivo, G4-teste) de sete ratos. Quando comparado o grupo G4 com G3, observou-se que a solução a 5% promoveu uma redução nas CFU/mL após 24h da administração do inóculo (S.aureus sem L. gracilis Schauer 10 8 ± 313 versus S.aureus com L. gracilis Schauer 13,28 ± 4,03). Os resultados foram expressos através do cálculo da média±EPM) e análise de variança (ANOVA). A diferença entre a concentração inibitória mínima no estudo in vitro foi determinada pelo teste Turkey (p<0.05). O teste Newman-Keuls com nível de significância (p<0.05) foi utilizado para o cálculo dos resultados obtidos no experimento in vivo. A solução a 5% do óleo essencial de Lippia gracilis Schauer apresentou boa atividade antibacteriana tanto no estudo in vivo como no in vitro.Unitermos: Lippia gracilis Schauer, Verbenaceae, alecrim-de-tabuleiro, monoterpenos, carvacrol, p-cimeno, γ-terpineneo. ABSTRACT:The essential oil from Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae) leaves was examined by GC and GC-MS. Fifteen constituents were identified. Carvacrol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene were found to be the major components. In the in vitro study, 5% solution of the Lippia gracilis Schauer oil presented antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from diabetic patients with infected ulcers. The study evaluated the antibacterial activity of the 5% solution of the Lippia gracilis Schauer oil on the experimental model of diabetic adult male albino Wistar rats with leaft pelvic limb infected by Staphylococcus aureus strain. In this experiment, 28 diabetic Wistar rats were used, randomly distributed in four different groups of seven rats, (G1-white; G2-negative control; G3-positive control and G4-test). When comparing group G4 with G3, it was observed that the 5% solution presented a reduced CFU/mL level showing the antibacterial effect of the oil 24 hours after the administration of the inoculum (S .aureus without Lippia gracilis Schauer 108 ±313 versus S.aureus with Lippia gracilis Schauer 13.28± 4.03). The results were expressed as mean±S.E.M. One-way analysis of the variance (ANOVA) was used. The differences between the minimum inhibitory concentration in vitro test were determined by the Tukey test (p<0.05). The Newma...

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Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Glycaemic Control on the Characteristics and Outcome of Common Infections

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Common infections in diabetes: pathogenesis, management and relationship to glycaemic control

Common infections in diabetes: pathogenesis, management and relationship to glycaemic control

Principios para el tratamiento de infecciones odontogénicas con distintos niveles de complejidad

O oleo essencial de Lippia gracilis Schauer, Verbenaceae, em ratos diabeticos

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