Abbreviations & Acronyms BOO = bladder outlet obstruction BPE = benign prostatic enlargement BPH = benign prostatic hyperplasia BPO = benign prostatic obstruction DC = detrusor contractility DO = detrusor overactivity fQmax = free maximum flow rate ICS = International Continence Society IPSS = International Prostate Symptom Score IPSS-S = summation of frequency, urgency and nocturia scores of International Prostate Symptom Score IPSS-V = subtotal voiding symptom scores of International Prostate Symptom Score LinPURR = linear passive urethral resistance relation LUTS = lower urinary tract symptoms MCC = maximum cystometric capacity N = normal detrusor contractility OAB = overactive bladder OABSS = overactive bladder symptoms score P+ = statistical comparison between baseline and postoperative. Pdet.Qmax = detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate PDO = phasic detrusor overactivity PFS = pressure-flow study Postop. = postoperative Preop. = preoperative PSA = prostate-specific antigen PV = prostate volume PVR = post-void residual volume Qmax = maximum flow rate QOL = quality of life ST = strong detrusor contractility TDO = terminal detrusor overactivity TURP = transurethral resection of the prostate UDS = urodynamic study W = weak detrusor contractility Objectives: To investigate the correlation of preoperative overactive bladder symptoms and urodynamic parameters to the improvement of overactive bladder symptoms after transurethral resection of the prostate. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in 128 patients with urodynamically proven benign prostatic obstruction that underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. All patients had preoperative urgency symptoms. The patients were divided into groups according to overactive bladder symptom severity and preoperative urodynamic parameters (presence and type of detrusor overactivity, degree of obstruction, bladder contractility). The 3-month postoperative changes in overactive bladder symptoms were then compared between the groups. Results: Overall, there was a statistically significant improvement in mean overactive bladder symptoms score from 9.6 to 2.7 (P < 0.001). However, patients with preoperative mild overactive bladder symptoms had significantly lower postoperative overactive bladder symptoms scores than those with moderate or severe symptoms (P < 0.05). Patients with preoperative terminal detrusor overactivity had significantly higher overactive bladder symptoms scores compared with patients with phasic and no detrusor overactivity (P < 0.05), and were more likely to have persistent urge incontinence. Preoperative detrusor contractility and severity of obstruction did not affect postoperative overactive bladder symptom improvement. Conclusions: Most patients with benign prostatic obstruction and overactive bladder symptoms experience an improvement in their symptoms after transurethral resection of the prostate. The presence of preoperative terminal detrusor overactivity might be negatively associated with this improvement. The preoperative severi...