Influence of density and salinity on larval development of salt‐adapted and salt‐naïve frog populations

Albecker, Molly A.; Pahl, Matthew C; Smith, Melanie A.; Wilson, Jefferson G.; McCoy, Michael

doi:10.1002/ece3.6069

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…These phenomena may be further mediated by interactions between density dependence and salt sensitivity. For instance, high densities (such as those used in our larval survival experiment) could modify responses to salinity stress differently across species ( Albecker et al ., 2020 ). Finally, like H. squirella, H. chrysoscelis also breeds in ephemeral wetlands and avoids habitats containing fish, so evolved adaptations to avoid fish-containing habitats may also contribute to their absence from brackish systems ( Resetarits and Wilbur, 1989 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses to saltwater exposure vary across species, populations and life stages in anuran amphibians

Albecker

McCoy

2023

Conservation Physiology

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To predict the impacts of environmental change on species, we must first understand the factors that limit the present-day ranges of species. Most anuran amphibians cannot survive at elevated salinities, which may drive their distribution in coastal locations. Previous research showed that coastal Hyla cinerea are locally adapted to brackish habitats in North Carolina, USA. Although Hyla squirella and Hyla chrysoscelis both inhabit coastal wetlands nearby, they have not been observed in saline habitats. We take advantage of naturally occurring microgeographic variation in coastal wetland occupancy exhibited by these congeneric tree frog species to explore how salt exposure affects oviposition site choice, hatching success, early tadpole survival, plasma osmolality and tadpole body condition across coastal and inland locations. We observed higher survival among coastal H. cinerea tadpoles than inland H. cinerea, which corroborates previous findings. But contrary to expectations, coastal H. cinerea had lower survival than H. squirella and H. chrysoscelis, indicating that all three species may be able to persist in saline wetlands. We also observed differences in tadpole plasma osmolality across species, locations and salinities, but these differences were not associated with survival rates in salt water. Instead, coastal occupancy may be affected by stage-specific processes like higher probability of total clutch loss as shown by inland H. chrysoscelis or maladaptive egg deposition patterns as shown by inland H. squirella. Although we expected salt water to be the primary filter driving species distributions along a coastal salinity gradient, it is likely that the factors dictating anuran ranges along the coast involve stage-, species- and location-specific processes that are mediated by ecological processes and life history traits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses to saltwater exposure vary across species, populations and life stages in anuran amphibians

Albecker

McCoy

2023

Conservation Physiology

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“…Water of three different salinities were used in the study. Tap water was used as a freshwater medium, for which the typical salinity is 0.5ppt 36 . Sodium chloride was added tap water to simulate sea water (33ppt) and brackish water (15ppt).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a method to quantify microfibres present in aquatic surface microlayers

Birkenhead

Radford

Stead

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Many of the methods for microplastics quantification in the environment are criticised creating problems with data validity. Quantification of microplastics in the surface microlayer of aquatic environments using glass plate dipping holds promise as a simple field method, but its efficiency has yet to be validated. We tested a standard glass plate dipping method to assess recovery of four common polymer microfibres and two common natural fibres, under three different salinities (freshwater, brackish water, saltwater). Overall recovery rates were low (26.8 ± 1.54%) but higher recoveries were observed under saltwater treatments (36.5 ± 3.01%) than brackish water (24.5 ± 1.92%) or freshwater (19.3 ± 1.92%). The fibre types showed different recovery rates, with acrylic yielding significantly higher recovery rates (37.0 ± 2.71%) than other fibres across treatments. No clear relationship between the density of the fibres and the recovery efficiency was seen. We suggest that, where this method is used for monitoring microplastics, the results will typically underestimate the total amount present, but that recovery is sufficiently consistent to allow comparison of differences between sampling locations. When comparing data across river-estuarine or similar transects salinity should be monitored to account for salinity-induced differences in sampling recovery.

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House cricket males reared at different perceived acoustic population densities differ in adult behaviour but not physiology

Pessman,

Rae,

Wagner

et al. 2024

Ecological Entomology

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If environments stay relatively constant over an individual's lifetime, a juvenile that accurately perceives environmental conditions, like population density, may adjust adult traits to better match their environment, thereby increasing success. While previous studies have explored how adult exposure to population density affects physiological and behavioural plasticity, the influence of juvenile density experience on adult traits is less studied. Using the common house cricket, Acheta domesticus, we explored whether perceived acoustic population density during development affected adult physiology and behaviour. We simulated high‐ and low‐densities using live ambient male song. Upon maturation, we measured metabolic (resting respiration) rate, reproductive investment (testes and accessory gland masses), calling song characteristics and aggressive behaviours from pairwise contests between males from different densities. Male rearing density did not affect resting metabolic rates or reproductive organ masses. However, high‐density males had significantly faster, longer chirps, with more pulses—known to be preferred by females—and higher dominant frequency. Low‐density males won more aggressive contests and sang the aggressive song more. Initiation of aggressive behaviours or song and singing more aggressive song were the only other significant predictors of contest outcome. These results suggest that males may plastically adjust calling song characteristics and aggressive behaviour, but not physiology, based on perceived density during development. We hypothesize that alternative mating tactics—that is, territory guarding versus attractive song production—may underlie these observed patterns. Overall, our study highlights the significant influence of early‐life biotic environments on adult behavioural decisions to enhance success in diverse environments.

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Influence of density and salinity on larval development of salt‐adapted and salt‐naïve frog populations

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Responses to saltwater exposure vary across species, populations and life stages in anuran amphibians

Responses to saltwater exposure vary across species, populations and life stages in anuran amphibians

Validation of a method to quantify microfibres present in aquatic surface microlayers

House cricket males reared at different perceived acoustic population densities differ in adult behaviour but not physiology

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