Influence of dangerous meteorological phenomena on the emergence of erosional forms of relief taking into account changes in the biodiversity of vegetation communities in Eastern Siberia

Abstract

The urgency of the problem is caused by the lack of data on the formation, morphology, dynamics, features of ravine development in mountain relief, contrast of natural conditions and landscapes of areas of Eastern Siberia. The aim of the work is to study the dynamics of development of gullies under the influence of dangerous meteorological phenomena in the territories of the forest natural zone in the mountain and foothill areas of pine and larch forests in the territory of Eastern Transbaikalia. For the research, an experimental station was selected on the slope of a pine forest after wildfires, where field surveys of the ravine-gully system with the use of instrumental surveys were carried out. The analysis of data obtained from field studies and space images made it possible to identify the basic morphometric parameters of four ravines at different stages of their development and construct a model of a ravine-gully network. In addition, the floristic composition of the surveyed area was studied, represented by a small number of grasses, bushes and trees; the soil cover of gullies is represented mainly by eroded rocks: sandstones and sandy loams. The materials of the article can be useful to geographers, geomorphologists, ecologists, biologists when drawing up plans for the economic use of the territory, counter-erosion measures, when designing road transport routes for determining areas of increased danger of development of ravine erosion, when allocating recreational areas or nature protection zones.