“…Phosphorus compounds belong to the main factors limiting primary production in aquatic ecosystems [10,[17][18][22][23], thus they affect the secondary production rate [10,16,[24][25]. Based on the performed analysis, it can be concluded that a reduction of the phosphorus level in water is the most important element mitigating the effects of the degradation of the studied reservoirs.…”
“…Phosphorus compounds belong to the main factors limiting primary production in aquatic ecosystems [10,[17][18][22][23], thus they affect the secondary production rate [10,16,[24][25]. Based on the performed analysis, it can be concluded that a reduction of the phosphorus level in water is the most important element mitigating the effects of the degradation of the studied reservoirs.…”
“…According to some authors (Zalewski and Frankiewicz 1994;Ekosystem zbiornika Siemianówka… 2006;Zubala 2009), presence of the reservoir (regardless of the size) also brings positive aspects related to water purification from biogenic substances, which are accumulated in bottom sediments, acting as a settler. In this study it was confirmed by the decreased level of conductivity at sites downstream the reservoir.…”
A study of fish species composition was performed in the stream Miazga, blocked with a dam without a fish ladder, located in the Pilica river basin. Three sites above and two below the reservoir were selected. The presence of 13 species of fish and one species of lamprey in larval stage was found. The most abundant species were perch Perca fluviatilis, gudgeon Gobio gobio and Prussian carp Carassius gibelio. The presence of three new species of fish was noted: common brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus, eel Anguilla anguilla and orfe Leuciscus idus. The analysis of species evenness indicated that the number of species and their abundance at all research sites were close to maximum. Relatively low value of the dominance index indicated that the examined fish assemblages were not strongly dominated by a single species, which was confirmed by the diversity index. The differences in the composition of the fish fauna at sites above and below the dam reservoir were not sufficiently pronounced in the cluster analysis, however from the historical point of view, the structure of fish assemblage in the stream has changed. Shift in the fish assemblage composition may be affected to the pollution of the stream, stocking activities and escaping from the fish farms.
“…During the flow, processes of self-cleaning occur—mainly straining, filtration, sedimentation, sorption, mixing, dilution, aeration and biological reactions. These types of phenomena are common in aquatic ecosystems and wetlands (Braskerud 2001; Dhote and Dixit 2007; Herrmann 2012; Zubala 2009). Treated sewage is discharged to the oxbow lake of the Vistula (the final receiver).Fig.…”
Several years of observations enabled us to assess the extent and variability of heavy metal contamination (Zn, Cu and Pb) of the sludge of the municipal stormwater treatment plant (the town of Puławy, Poland). In terms of size (high capacity) and innovation, it is the only facility of this kind in the country. It collects rainwater run-offs from two catchments (separate inlets) with a total area of about 500 ha. The concentration of the analysed metals is characterised by a large spatial and temporal diversity. The reason for this may be differences in the manner and intensity of use of drained surfaces and different hydraulic conditions (of sedimentation) prevailing in the particular treatment devices. The highest pollution was found in sediments in the grit chamber and in the part of the settler from the side of the interceptor supplying sewage, i.e. from the main traffic route of the town (heavy traffic and developed technical infrastructure). The best-quality sludge was retained in the pond for treated wastewater. In the pool of analysed components, the largest share is Zn, which amounts to about 85%. The content of heavy metals limits the possibility of the natural use of sludge from the municipal stormwater treatment plant. In chemical terms, they should be seen as a potentially dangerous waste and undergo remediation.
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