Influence of cycle exercise on acetone in expired air and skin gas

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of cycle exercise on acetone concentration in expired air and skin gas. The subjects for this experiment were eight healthy males. Subjects performed a continuous graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The workloads were 360 (1.0 kg), 720 (2.0 kg), 990 (2.75 kg) kgm/min, and each stage was 5 min in duration. A pedaling frequency of 60 rpm was maintained. Acetone concentration was analyzed by gas chromatography. The acetone concentration in expired air and skin gas during exercise at 990 kgm/min intensity was significantly increased compared with the basal level. The skin-gas acetone concentration at 990 kgm/min significantly increased compared with the 360 kgm/min (P < 0.05). The acetone excretion of expired air at 720 kgm/min and 990 kgm/min significantly increased compared with the basal level (P < 0.05). Acetone concentration in expired air was 4-fold greater than skin gas at rest and 3-fold greater during exercise (P < 0.01). Skin gas acetone concentration significantly related with expired air (r = 0.752; P < 0.01). This study confirmed that the skin-gas acetone concentration reflected that of expired air.

Measuring breath acetone for monitoring fat loss: Review

“…While not as powerful as caloric restriction, exercise affects breath acetone near the time of exercise and over the course of days. During exercise, breath acetone can increase by approximately 1 ppm depending on the initial state of ketosis, intensity, and duration . In the hours following exercise, breath acetone is expected to increase based on the behavior of BOHB ; however, confirmatory studies are needed.…”

“…In some subjects, BrAce fell at the onset of exercise and then increased with continued exercise . During graded exercise tests, BrAce increased (∼twofold) with exercise intensity , maximum BrAce corresponded to the onset of the lactate threshold , and the fat oxidation rate was shown to be logarithmically related to BrAce . Additionally, the fat oxidation rate and BrAce were shown to have parallel increases over 2 h of steady treadmill exercise .…”

“…Just as a reduced calorie diet can increase BrAce, exercise can increase BrAce levels. In multiple studies, BrAce was twofold greater at the end than the beginning of exercise . BrAce is expected to increase during exercise.…”

Acetone Response with Exercise Intensity

“…Sasaki et al (2011) reported that acetone concentration in expired air increased during graded and prolonged exercise such as walking or running. We have reported that acetone concentrations emanated from skin gas and in expired air increased with high exercise intensities of cycle exercise (Yamai et al 2009) and hand-grip exercise (Mori et al 2008). …”

Detection of acetone in air using silver ion exchanged ZSM-5 and zinc oxide sensing films.

“…Acetone, along with other ketones, like 3-hydroxybutrate and acetoacetate are generated within the liver and are formed by the oxidation of fatty acids and used as fuel for peripheral tissues during times of starvation, exercise, in obese people or when insulin levels are extremely low as are seen in diabetic patients [7,8].…”