Influence of Cultivar, Nitrogen, and Frequency of Insecticide Application on Vegetable Leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) Population Density and Dispersion on Snap Beans

Hanna, H.Y.; Story, R. N.; Adams, A. J.

doi:10.1093/jee/80.1.107

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…A relationship between tissue N levels and herbivore density or oviposition preference has been found for other agromyzids and their host plants (Harbaugh et a!. 1983, Hanna et a!. 1987, Minkenberg and Fredrix 1989.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Associational Susceptibility: Effects of Cropping Pattern and Fertilizer on Malawian Bean Fly Levels

Letourneau¹

1995

Ecological Applications

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Subsistence farmers with little access to costly pesticides must rely on cultural practices to enhance biological control, reduce crop apparency or suitability to pests, or increase crop tolerance to pests. Farmers in Central Malawi traditionally plant beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with the first rains and apply fertilizer to bean only when it is grown in dicultures with maize (Zea mays L.). I used a factorial experiment with a key pest of beans to assess the relative effects of fertilizer (predicted to increase pest levels) and intercropping (predicted to decrease pest densities). Stem‐boring bean fly (Diptera: Agromyzidae) densities and their parasitism rates were compared with respect to cropping pattern, fertilizer application, sowing date, and Vaccinium diversity of beans. Together these factors address the effects of current practices (intercropping, mixed varieties) on bean fly infestation rates and those now encouraged for increased production (relay cropping, fertilized monoculture). In addition, associational resistance in this system is tested in the context of actual farming practices. In contrast to many other studies of specialist herbivores, neither the densities of bean flies [Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon) and O. spencerella (Greathead)] nor their rates of parasitism were changed significantly by diversifying the field with non‐host plants (bean‐maize dicultures). However, the two fly species were differentially susceptible to plant quality and parasitism, with fertilized bean plants harboring more bean fly puparia than did unfertilized plants regardless of cropping pattern. Thus, the indirect effect of fertilizing intercrops resulted in elevated pest densities. Differential plant quality has not been included in most studies of intercropping and pest incidence, yet reflects actual farming practices. Bean fly densities tended to increase in plants sown later in the wet season, suggesting that relay cropping of beans will exacerbate bean fly damage. In this study, greater yields were achieved in mixed variety bean treatments, but standard fertilizer applications did not contribute to increased bean production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Associational Susceptibility: Effects of Cropping Pattern and Fertilizer on Malawian Bean Fly Levels

Letourneau¹

1995

Ecological Applications

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“…The spatial distribution of multivoltine leafminers is influenced by interactions with previous generations and responds over time to changes in the host-plant structural and physiological traits during plant development. Temporal change in leafminer spatial distribution during the growing season has been studied mainly by sampling leaves from different parts of plants (top to low layers) (Hammad & Nemer, 2000;Lynch & Johnson, 1987;Hanna et al, 1987;Facknath, 2005). Although leaf sampling allows easy collection of sample data, sampling leaves with old mines that do not contribute to current population behavior hinders accurate estimation of temporal change in leafminer distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distributions of the leafminer Ophiomyia maura (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in host plant Aster ageratoides

Ayabe

Shibata

2008

Insect Science

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Spatial distributions of the leafminer Ophiomyia maura (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in host plant Aster ageratoides Abstract The seasonal occurrence and among-plant and within-plant spatial distribution of the multivoltine leafminer Ophiomyia maura Meigen (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on the herbaceous plant Aster ageratoides Turcz. subsp. ovatus (Asteraceae) were investigated in the field. O. maura has at least four generations a year and mines per leaf fluctuate with a mean of 0.007 throughout the occurrence period. Seasonal occurrence is associated with abundance of new host leaves, suggesting O. maura females prefer to oviposit in newly emerged leaves. The among-plant distribution of O. maura is described by a Poisson distribution early in the season but tends to be weakly clumped later. The within-plant vertical distribution of larval mines increased from middle to upper leaves during plant development, because mined leaves in the middle position early in the season move downward with the emergence of new leaves, shifting mined leaves from the position where O. maura oviposits eggs. Later in the season, mined leaves remain where they are deposited because few new leaves emerge. The spatial distribution of O. maura, resource utilization patterns, and host plant characteristics are discussed.

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“…This has been noted, e.g. in cultivars of tomato, cucumber, cantaloupe and beans (Hanna et al, 1987). However, the differences tend to be moderate, and not adequate for reliable protection (Capinera, 2017) Impact…”

Section: Chemical Treatments On Crops Including Reproductive Materialsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Potential additional control measures are listed in Table 6. Crop rotation, associations and density, weed/volunteer control are used to prevent problems related to pests and are usually applied in various combinations to make the habitat less favourable for pests The measures deal with (1) allocation of crops to field (over time and space) (multicrop, diversity cropping) and (2) to control weeds and volunteers as hosts of pests/vectors Nitrogen level and reflective mulches are sometimes said to influence leaf miner populations, but responses have not been consistent (Chalfant et al, 1977;Hanna et al, 1987) It was noted that, although the adults would feed and oviposit on the young lateral foliage (side shoots) of mature plants, they would not do so on young terminal foliage at the apex of plants. This suggests that it may be possible to exert some control of leaf miners by delaying removal of side shoots until after adults have laid eggs in them (Ledieu and Helyer, 1985) Impact…”

Section: Additional Control Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Liriomyza bryoniae

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Liriomyza bryoniae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) for the EU. L. bryoniae (the tomato leaf miner; EPPO code: LIRIBO) is a polyphagous Palaearctic species which probably originates from southern Europe, where it occurs commonly outdoors and has now spread to many parts of central and northern Europe, where it is only found in greenhouses. The species is also reported in North Africa and in several countries in Asia. L. bryoniae can have multiple overlapping generations per year. Eggs are inserted in the leaves of host plants. Three larval instars feed internally within leaves and stems of field vegetables. Pupation generally takes place in the soil and very occasionally on the upper or lower surfaces of the leaves. L. bryoniae is regulated in the EU by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072 (Annex III) in specific protected zones only (the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland in the United Kingdom). However, L. bryoniae is not specifically mentioned in any of the annexes of Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072 concerning controls regarding certain protected zones. The wide current geographic range of L. bryoniae, both in open fields and greenhouses, suggests that it is able to establish in most areas in the EU, including the protected zones, where its hosts are present and where impact would be possible both in open fields as well as greenhouses. All criteria for consideration as a potential protected zone quarantine pest are met. Besides, being L. bryoniae widely distributed in the EU and being plants for planting the primary pathway it could also qualify as regulated non‐quarantine pest (RNQP).

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Influence of Cultivar, Nitrogen, and Frequency of Insecticide Application on Vegetable Leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) Population Density and Dispersion on Snap Beans

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Associational Susceptibility: Effects of Cropping Pattern and Fertilizer on Malawian Bean Fly Levels

Associational Susceptibility: Effects of Cropping Pattern and Fertilizer on Malawian Bean Fly Levels

Spatial distributions of the leafminer Ophiomyia maura (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in host plant Aster ageratoides

Pest categorisation of Liriomyza bryoniae

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